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Emacs contains special code editing features, a scripting language (elisp), and the capability to read mail, news, and more without leaving the editor. This is a *very* preliminary pretest for emacs-28.1. The latter will include a major new feature, native compilation (explained below). The purpose of this test release is to help us figure out what changes will be needed (on both the Cygwin side and the Emacs side) to make native compilation work well on Cygwin. The test release is not recommended for 32-bit Cygwin. If you try it, you will almost certainly see fork errors while running emacs. Once we get native compilation working well on 64-bit Cygwin, we'll see what can be done for the 32-bit case. If you want to try this test release, please do the following: 1. Install Achim's test release of the _autorebase package, currently available from his personal Cygwin repo; see https://cygwin.com/pipermail/cygwin-apps/2021-September/041573.html for instructions. 2. Install the gcc-core package. 3. Create a file /var/lib/rebase/userpath.d/ with one line, which is the absolute path to ~/.emacs.d/eln-cache. For example, on my system I have: $ cat /var/lib/rebase/userpath.d/kbrown /home/kbrown/.emacs.d/eln-cache If more than one user will be using Emacs on your system, create a file like this for each user. Here is the promised explanation of native compilation: Many of the editing commands used in Emacs are defined in elisp libraries (*.el files). To make Emacs run faster, these libraries are usually compiled to architecture-independent *.elc files, containing "byte-code" representations of the functions in the original files. These byte-code functions are interpreted by the Emacs "byte-code interpreter" when they are called. Native compilation takes this one step further by using gcc to compile the elisp libraries to native shared libraries (like DLLs, but with an extension .eln instead of .dll). This results in a substantial speed-up of Emacs. Some of the .eln files are created at build time. These are installed in a subdirectory of /usr/lib/emacs//native-lisp. Others are created as needed and are stored by default in a subdirectory of ~/.emacs.d/eln-cache. (You can change this default, but then you also have to make the corresponding change to /var/lib/rebase/userpath.d/.) Final remarks: 1. The first few time you run Emacs, it might seem slow to start. This is because it is compiling the elisp libraries that are needed for your init file (usually .emacs). For the same reason, you might see occasional pauses the first time you use a command. But otherwise you should see a noticeable speed-up of Emacs. 2. To prevent fork failures, the .eln files need to be rebased occasionally, for the reasons explained here: https://cygwin.com/cygwin-ug-net/highlights.html#ov-hi-process-problems This is handled by the test release of _autorebase mentioned above every time you run setup. But it is not currently done when new .eln files are created. This is mostly a problem on 32-bit Cygwin and is not yet solved. The main purpose of this test release of Emacs is to find out if it is likely to be a problem in the 64-bit case. 3. Compilation is done asynchronously, with a log in a buffer called *Async-native-compile-log*. If you run emacs-w32 and exit while a compilation is in progress, you might see a dialog box saying that emacs has aborted and asking if you want to attach a debugger. Just say No. If this annoys you, check the compilation buffer before exiting, and wait for the "Compilation finished" message. Ken Brown Cygwin's Emacs maintainer