I have been running cygwin on Win7 since late June and suddenly became incapable of running emacs-X11 after adding a few graphics libraries including some gtk2 and gtk3 developmen stuff (sorry, I don't remember exactly which packages--I was experimenting with libraries). I noticed as I was adding the packages that emacs seemed to bump from emacs-23 to emacs-24. Subsequently when I ran the emacs command, nothing happened, and when I ran sh /usr/bin/emacs-X11 it responded /usr/bin/emacs-X11: /usr/bin/emacs-X11: cannot execute binary file running the command file /usr/bin/emacs-X11 gives output /usr/bin/emacs-X11: PE32 executable (console) Intel 80386, for MS Windows and the file has the execute bits set. cygcheck /usr/bin/emacs-X11 gives a long list of files with no complaints, and I verified that each of the .dll's exists on the system. /usr/bin/emacs-nox works fine, as do other X programs such as gv. Attempts to reinstall the emacs suite have not worked, nor has falling back to emacs-23. Thanks in advance.