[PATCH] Fortran: intrinsic MERGE shall use all its arguments [PR107874]

[Harald Anlauf <anlauf@gmx.de>]

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Dear all,

as reported, the Fortran standard requires all actual argument
expressions to be evaluated (e.g. F2018:15.5.3).

There were two cases for intrinsic MERGE where we failed to do so:

- non-constant mask; Steve provided the patch

- constant scalar mask; we need to be careful to simplify only if
  the argument on the "other" path is known to be constant so that
  it does not have side-effects and can be immediately removed.

The latter change needed a correction of a sub-test of testcase
merge_init_expr_2.f90, which should not have been simplified
the way the original author assumed.  I decided to modify the
test in such way that simplification is valid and provides
the expect pattern.

Regtested on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu.  OK for mainline?

Thanks,
Harald

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From 0f6058937c04a7af5e6dcfa173648149c24f08df Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Harald Anlauf <anlauf@gmx.de>
Date: Mon, 28 Nov 2022 20:43:02 +0100
Subject: [PATCH] Fortran: intrinsic MERGE shall use all its arguments
 [PR107874]

gcc/fortran/ChangeLog:

	PR fortran/107874
	* simplify.cc (gfc_simplify_merge): When simplifying MERGE with a
	constant scalar MASK, ensure that arguments TSOURCE and FSOURCE are
	either constant or will be evaluated.
	* trans-intrinsic.cc (gfc_conv_intrinsic_merge): Evaluate arguments
	before generating conditional expression.

gcc/testsuite/ChangeLog:

	PR fortran/107874
	* gfortran.dg/merge_init_expr_2.f90: Adjust code to the corrected
	simplification.
	* gfortran.dg/merge_1.f90: New test.

Co-authored-by: Steven G. Kargl <kargl@gcc.gnu.org>
---
 gcc/fortran/simplify.cc                       | 17 ++++++-
 gcc/fortran/trans-intrinsic.cc                |  3 ++
 gcc/testsuite/gfortran.dg/merge_1.f90         | 49 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../gfortran.dg/merge_init_expr_2.f90         |  3 +-
 4 files changed, 70 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 gcc/testsuite/gfortran.dg/merge_1.f90

diff --git a/gcc/fortran/simplify.cc b/gcc/fortran/simplify.cc
index 9c2fea8c5f2..b6184181f26 100644
--- a/gcc/fortran/simplify.cc
+++ b/gcc/fortran/simplify.cc
@@ -4913,7 +4913,22 @@ gfc_simplify_merge (gfc_expr *tsource, gfc_expr *fsource, gfc_expr *mask)

   if (mask->expr_type == EXPR_CONSTANT)
     {
-      result = gfc_copy_expr (mask->value.logical ? tsource : fsource);
+      /* The standard requires evaluation of all function arguments.
+	 Simplify only when the other dropped argument (FSOURCE or TSOURCE)
+	 is a constant expression.  */
+      if (mask->value.logical)
+	{
+	  if (!gfc_is_constant_expr (fsource))
+	    return NULL;
+	  result = gfc_copy_expr (tsource);
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  if (!gfc_is_constant_expr (tsource))
+	    return NULL;
+	  result = gfc_copy_expr (fsource);
+	}
+
       /* Parenthesis is needed to get lower bounds of 1.  */
       result = gfc_get_parentheses (result);
       gfc_simplify_expr (result, 1);
diff --git a/gcc/fortran/trans-intrinsic.cc b/gcc/fortran/trans-intrinsic.cc
index bb938026828..93426981bac 100644
--- a/gcc/fortran/trans-intrinsic.cc
+++ b/gcc/fortran/trans-intrinsic.cc
@@ -7557,6 +7557,9 @@ gfc_conv_intrinsic_merge (gfc_se * se, gfc_expr * expr)
 				   &se->pre);
       se->string_length = len;
     }
+  tsource = gfc_evaluate_now (tsource, &se->pre);
+  fsource = gfc_evaluate_now (fsource, &se->pre);
+  mask = gfc_evaluate_now (mask, &se->pre);
   type = TREE_TYPE (tsource);
   se->expr = fold_build3_loc (input_location, COND_EXPR, type, mask, tsource,
 			      fold_convert (type, fsource));
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/gfortran.dg/merge_1.f90 b/gcc/testsuite/gfortran.dg/merge_1.f90
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..abbc2276b1c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/gfortran.dg/merge_1.f90
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+! { dg-do run }
+! PR fortran/107874 - merge not using all its arguments
+! Contributed by John Harper
+
+program testmerge9
+  implicit none
+  integer :: i
+  logical :: x(2) = (/.true., .false./)
+  logical :: called(2)
+
+  ! At run-time all arguments shall be evaluated
+  do i = 1,2
+     called = .false.
+     print *, merge (tstuff(), fstuff(), x(i))
+     if (any (.not. called)) stop 1
+  end do
+
+  ! Compile-time simplification shall not drop non-constant args
+  called = .false.
+  print *, merge (tstuff(),fstuff(),.true.)
+  if (any (.not. called)) stop 2
+  called = .false.
+  print *, merge (tstuff(),fstuff(),.false.)
+  if (any (.not. called)) stop 3
+  called = .false.
+  print *, merge (tstuff(),.false.,.true.)
+  if (any (called .neqv. [.true.,.false.])) stop 4
+  called = .false.
+  print *, merge (tstuff(),.false.,.false.)
+  if (any (called .neqv. [.true.,.false.])) stop 5
+  called = .false.
+  print *, merge (.true.,fstuff(),.true.)
+  if (any (called .neqv. [.false.,.true.])) stop 6
+  called = .false.
+  print *, merge (.true.,fstuff(),.false.)
+  if (any (called .neqv. [.false.,.true.])) stop 7
+contains
+  logical function tstuff()
+    print *,'tstuff'
+    tstuff = .true.
+    called(1) = .true.
+  end function tstuff
+
+  logical function fstuff()
+    print *,'fstuff'
+    fstuff = .false.
+    called(2) = .true.
+  end function fstuff
+end program testmerge9
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/gfortran.dg/merge_init_expr_2.f90 b/gcc/testsuite/gfortran.dg/merge_init_expr_2.f90
index c761a47cccb..f4a83801137 100644
--- a/gcc/testsuite/gfortran.dg/merge_init_expr_2.f90
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/gfortran.dg/merge_init_expr_2.f90
@@ -48,7 +48,8 @@ end module m2


 subroutine test
-  character(len=3) :: one, two, three
+  character(len=3) :: one, three
+  character(len=3), parameter :: two = "def"
   logical, parameter :: true = .true.
   three = merge (one, two, true)
 end subroutine test
--
2.35.3