[Bug demangler/103893] New: ada demangler heap overflow

["amodra at gmail dot com" <gcc-bugzilla@gcc.gnu.org>]

https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=103893

            Bug ID: 103893
           Summary: ada demangler heap overflow
           Product: gcc
           Version: 12.0
            Status: UNCONFIRMED
          Severity: normal
          Priority: P3
         Component: demangler
          Assignee: unassigned at gcc dot gnu.org
          Reporter: amodra at gmail dot com
  Target Milestone: ---

>From https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=28736

valgrind c++filt -s gnat vfffffSO__fffSO

==1573233== Invalid write of size 1
==1573233==    at 0x4848DCC: strcpy (vg_replace_strmem.c:523)
==1573233==    by 0x72688C: ada_demangle (cplus-dem.c:338)
==1573233==    by 0x726ABA: cplus_demangle (cplus-dem.c:187)
==1573233==    by 0x4038E8: demangle_it (cxxfilt.c:66)
==1573233==    by 0x403AEC: main (cxxfilt.c:203)
==1573233==  Address 0x4a60057 is 0 bytes after a block of size 23 alloc'd
==1573233==    at 0x4842839: malloc (vg_replace_malloc.c:380)
==1573233==    by 0x737A6B: xmalloc (xmalloc.c:147)
==1573233==    by 0x726617: ada_demangle (cplus-dem.c:223)
==1573233==    by 0x726ABA: cplus_demangle (cplus-dem.c:187)
==1573233==    by 0x4038E8: demangle_it (cxxfilt.c:66)
==1573233==    by 0x403AEC: main (cxxfilt.c:203)

The following comment in cplus-dem.c:ada_demangle is false for fuzzed input,
specifically the part that says "they occur only once".

  /* Most of the demangling will trivially remove chars.  Operator names
     may add one char but because they are always preceeded by '__' which is
     replaced by '.', they eventually never expand the size.
     A few special names such as '___elabs' add a few chars (at most 7), but
     they occur only once.  */
  len0 = strlen (mangled) + 7 + 1;
  demangled = XNEWVEC (char, len0);