[Bug analyzer/109628] New: -Wanalyzer-use-of-uninitialized-value false positive on static storage

["eggert at cs dot ucla.edu" <gcc-bugzilla@gcc.gnu.org>]

https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=109628

            Bug ID: 109628
           Summary: -Wanalyzer-use-of-uninitialized-value false positive
                    on static storage
           Product: gcc
           Version: 13.0
            Status: UNCONFIRMED
          Severity: normal
          Priority: P3
         Component: analyzer
          Assignee: dmalcolm at gcc dot gnu.org
          Reporter: eggert at cs dot ucla.edu
  Target Milestone: ---

Created attachment 54919
  --> https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/attachment.cgi?id=54919&action=edit
compile with "gcc -fanalyzer -S" to reproduce the bug

I ran into this problem when compiling GNU coreutils fmt.c. This is with gcc
(GCC) 13.0.1 20230401 (Red Hat 13.0.1-0) on x86-64. Compile the attached
program with:

gzip -d u.i.gz
gcc -fanalyzer -S u.i

GCC outputs the following diagnostic which is a false positive because 'this'
points to the static array unused_word_type, and static storage by definition
is initialized.

        u.i: In function ‘base_cost’:
        u.i:5950:7: warning: use of uninitialized value ‘((unsigned
char*)&*this)[16]’ [CWE-457] [-Wanalyzer-use-of-uninitialized-value]
         5950 |   if (this->paren)
              |       ^~~~
          ‘fmt_paragraph’: events 1-4
            |
            | 5894 | fmt_paragraph (void)
            |      | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~
            |      | |
            |      | (1) entry to ‘fmt_paragraph’
            |......
            | 5903 |   for (start = word_limit - 1; start >= unused_word_type;
start--)
            |      |                                ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
            |      |                                      |
            |      |                                      (2) following ‘true’
branch...
            | 5904 |     {
            | 5905 |       best = ((COST) (! (! ((COST) 0 < (COST) -1)) ?
(COST) -1 : ((((COST) 1 << ((sizeof (COST) * 8
            |      |      
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
            |      |            |
            |      |            (3) ...to here
            | 5906 |             ) - 2)) - 1) * 2 + 1)));
            |      |             ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
            |......
            | 5913 |           wcost = line_cost (w, len) + w->best_cost;
            |      |                   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
            |      |                   |
            |      |                   (4) calling ‘line_cost’ from
‘fmt_paragraph’
            |
            +--> ‘line_cost’: events 5-7
                   |
                   | 5957 | line_cost (WORD *next, int len)
                   |      | ^~~~~~~~~
                   |      | |
                   |      | (5) entry to ‘line_cost’
                   |......
                   | 5961 |   if (next == word_limit)
                   |      |      ~
                   |      |      |
                   |      |      (6) following ‘true’ branch...
                   | 5962 |     return 0;
                   |      |            ~
                   |      |            |
                   |      |            (7) ...to here
                   |
            <------+
            |
          ‘fmt_paragraph’: events 8-9
            |
            | 5913 |           wcost = line_cost (w, len) + w->best_cost;
            |      |                   ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
            |      |                   |
            |      |                   (8) returning to ‘fmt_paragraph’ from
‘line_cost’
            |......
            | 5922 |           if (w == word_limit)
            |      |              ~     
            |      |              |
            |      |              (9) following ‘true’ branch...
            |
          ‘fmt_paragraph’: event 10
            |
            |cc1:
            | (10): ...to here
            |
          ‘fmt_paragraph’: event 11
            |
            | 5927 |       start->best_cost = best + base_cost (start);
            |      |                                 ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
            |      |                                 |
            |      |                                 (11) calling ‘base_cost’
from ‘fmt_paragraph’
            |
            +--> ‘base_cost’: events 12-13
                   |
                   | 5932 | base_cost (WORD *this)
                   |      | ^~~~~~~~~
                   |      | |
                   |      | (12) entry to ‘base_cost’
                   |......
                   | 5950 |   if (this->paren)
                   |      |       ~~~~
                   |      |       |
                   |      |       (13) use of uninitialized value ‘((unsigned
char*)&*this)[16]’ here
                   |