[Bug fortran/37614] New: Change position of padding for aligned COMMONs

["burnus at gcc dot gnu dot org" <gcc-bugzilla@gcc.gnu.org>]

Follow up to PR 37486.
see also http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/fortran/2008-09/msg00366.html

The following program should print "5" but it prints "0" with default options
in gfortran. The problem is that in the program, the common object is padded as
   <4bytes padding> + i + r8
and then in the subroutine, only the first 4 bytes are read and assigned to the
local variable "i".

The program is valid as "Named common blocks of the same name shall be of the
same size in all scoping units of a program in which they appear, but blank
common blocks may be of different sizes."

As tests with NAG f95, Portland pgf95 and Pathscale pathf95 show, these
compilers use
  i + <4bytes padding> + r8
which allows this program to run correctly without sacrificing the alignment. 

(ifort, sunf95 and g95 - and "gfortran -fno-align-commons" work as no padding
is added.)

There are still used but not standard conform versions which fail (cf. examples
in PR 37486) but for those, gfortran has -fno-align-commons.


Test program:
----------------------------------------
subroutine one()
  integer :: i, j
  common i
  print *, i ! shall print "5", in gfortran it is "0"
!
! Testing alternative (invalid standard Fortran):
!  common i,j
!  print *, i,j
end subroutine one

program test
  integer :: i
  real*8 r8
  common i, r8
  i = 5
  r8 = 123457891234d88
  call one()
end program test
----------------------------------------

If one enables the "common  i, j" and runs the program with several compilers,
details about their implementation is revealed:

- gfortran and g77 print "0 5"
- ifort, sunf95 and g95 print "5 1267487353" (= gfortran -fno-align-commons)
- pathscale, pgi, and NAG f95 print "5 0" << expected result when PR is fixed


-- 
           Summary: Change position of padding for aligned COMMONs
           Product: gcc
           Version: 4.4.0
            Status: UNCONFIRMED
          Keywords: wrong-code
          Severity: normal
          Priority: P3
         Component: fortran
        AssignedTo: unassigned at gcc dot gnu dot org
        ReportedBy: burnus at gcc dot gnu dot org


http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=37614