public inbox for gcc-patches@gcc.gnu.org
 help / color / mirror / Atom feed
* [Ada] New warning for suspicious contracts
@ 2011-09-02  9:22 Arnaud Charlet
  0 siblings, 0 replies; only message in thread
From: Arnaud Charlet @ 2011-09-02  9:22 UTC (permalink / raw)
  To: gcc-patches; +Cc: Yannick Moy

[-- Attachment #1: Type: text/plain, Size: 1230 bytes --]

A contract, either in GNAT syntax (pragma precondition and postcondition) or
Ada 2012 aspect syntax, is suspicious when: for a function, it does not mention
the result; for a function or procedure, it only refers to the pre-state. GNAT
now detects these cases on the following code:

$ gcc -c -gnatc -gnat12 p.ads
p.ads:3:06: warning: postcondition only refers to pre-state
p.ads:3:06: warning: function postcondition does not mention result
p.ads:5:06: warning: postcondition only refers to pre-state
---
     1	package P is
     2	   function A_Is_Positive (X : Integer) return Boolean with
     3	     Post => X >= 0;
     4	   procedure A_Incr (X : in Integer; Y : out Integer) with
     5	     Post => X = X + 1;
     6	end P;

Tested on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, committed on trunk

2011-09-02  Yannick Moy  <moy@adacore.com>

	* opt.ads (Warn_On_Suspicious_Contract): New warning flag.
	* sem_ch3.adb (Analyze_Declarations): Call checker for suspicious
	contracts.
	* sem_ch6.adb, sem_ch6.ads (Check_Subprogram_Contract): New
	procedure looking for suspicious postconditions.
	* usage.adb (Usage): New options -gnatw.t and -gnatw.T.
	* warnsw.adb (Set_Dot_Warning_Switch): Take into account new
	options -gnatw.t and -gnatw.T.


[-- Attachment #2: difs --]
[-- Type: text/plain, Size: 11843 bytes --]

Index: sem_ch3.adb
===================================================================
--- sem_ch3.adb	(revision 178440)
+++ sem_ch3.adb	(working copy)
@@ -2192,6 +2192,8 @@
                   Prag := Next_Pragma (Prag);
                end loop;
 
+               Check_Subprogram_Contract (Sent);
+
                Prag := Spec_TC_List (Contract (Sent));
                while Present (Prag) loop
                   Analyze_TC_In_Decl_Part (Prag, Sent);
Index: usage.adb
===================================================================
--- usage.adb	(revision 178381)
+++ usage.adb	(working copy)
@@ -484,6 +484,8 @@
    Write_Line ("        .S*  turn off warnings for overridden size clause");
    Write_Line ("        t    turn on warnings for tracking deleted code");
    Write_Line ("        T*   turn off warnings for tracking deleted code");
+   Write_Line ("        .t*  turn on warnings for suspicious contract");
+   Write_Line ("        .T   turn off warnings for suspicious contract");
    Write_Line ("        u+   turn on warnings for unused entity");
    Write_Line ("        U*   turn off warnings for unused entity");
    Write_Line ("        .u   turn on warnings for unordered enumeration");
Index: warnsw.adb
===================================================================
--- warnsw.adb	(revision 178381)
+++ warnsw.adb	(working copy)
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 --                                                                          --
 --                                 B o d y                                  --
 --                                                                          --
---          Copyright (C) 1999-2010, Free Software Foundation, Inc.         --
+--          Copyright (C) 1999-2011, Free Software Foundation, Inc.         --
 --                                                                          --
 -- GNAT is free software;  you can  redistribute it  and/or modify it under --
 -- terms of the  GNU General Public License as published  by the Free Soft- --
@@ -143,6 +143,12 @@
          when 'S' =>
             Warn_On_Overridden_Size             := False;
 
+         when 't' =>
+            Warn_On_Suspicious_Contract         := True;
+
+         when 'T' =>
+            Warn_On_Suspicious_Contract         := False;
+
          when 'u' =>
             Warn_On_Unordered_Enumeration_Type  := True;
 
Index: sem_ch6.adb
===================================================================
--- sem_ch6.adb	(revision 178411)
+++ sem_ch6.adb	(working copy)
@@ -5454,6 +5454,207 @@
       end if;
    end Check_Returns;
 
+   -------------------------------
+   -- Check_Subprogram_Contract --
+   -------------------------------
+
+   procedure Check_Subprogram_Contract (Spec_Id : Entity_Id) is
+
+--        Inherited : constant Subprogram_List :=
+--                      Inherited_Subprograms (Spec_Id);
+      --  List of subprograms inherited by this subprogram
+
+      Last_Postcondition         : Node_Id := Empty;
+      --  Last postcondition on the subprogram, or else Empty if either no
+      --  postcondition or only inherited postconditions.
+
+      Attribute_Result_Mentioned : Boolean := False;
+      --  Whether attribute 'Result is mentioned in a postcondition
+
+      Post_State_Mentioned       : Boolean := False;
+      --  Whether some expression mentioned in a postcondition can have a
+      --  different value in the post-state than in the pre-state.
+
+      function Check_Attr_Result (N : Node_Id) return Traverse_Result;
+      --  Check whether N is a reference to the attribute 'Result, and if so
+      --  set Attribute_Result_Mentioned and return Abandon. Otherwise return
+      --  OK.
+
+      function Check_Post_State (N : Node_Id) return Traverse_Result;
+      --  Check whether the value of evaluating N can be different in the
+      --  post-state, compared to the same evaluation in the pre-state, and
+      --  if so set Post_State_Mentioned and return Abandon. Return Skip on
+      --  reference to attribute 'Old, in order to ignore its prefix, which
+      --  is precisely evaluated in the pre-state. Otherwise return OK.
+
+      procedure Process_Post_Conditions
+        (Spec  : Node_Id;
+         Class : Boolean);
+      --  This processes the Spec_PPC_List from Spec, processing any
+      --  postconditions from the list. If Class is True, then only
+      --  postconditions marked with Class_Present are considered. The
+      --  caller has checked that Spec_PPC_List is non-Empty.
+
+      function Find_Attribute_Result is new Traverse_Func (Check_Attr_Result);
+
+      function Find_Post_State is new Traverse_Func (Check_Post_State);
+
+      -----------------------
+      -- Check_Attr_Result --
+      -----------------------
+
+      function Check_Attr_Result (N : Node_Id) return Traverse_Result is
+      begin
+         if Nkind (N) = N_Attribute_Reference
+           and then
+             Get_Attribute_Id (Attribute_Name (N)) = Attribute_Result
+         then
+            Attribute_Result_Mentioned := True;
+            return Abandon;
+         else
+            return OK;
+         end if;
+      end Check_Attr_Result;
+
+      ----------------------
+      -- Check_Post_State --
+      ----------------------
+
+      function Check_Post_State (N : Node_Id) return Traverse_Result is
+         Found : Boolean := False;
+
+      begin
+         case Nkind (N) is
+            when N_Function_Call        |
+                 N_Explicit_Dereference =>
+               Found := True;
+
+            when N_Identifier    |
+                 N_Expanded_Name =>
+               declare
+                  E : constant Entity_Id := Entity (N);
+               begin
+                  if Is_Entity_Name (N)
+                    and then Present (E)
+                    and then Ekind (E) in Assignable_Kind
+                  then
+                     Found := True;
+                  end if;
+               end;
+
+            when N_Attribute_Reference =>
+               case Get_Attribute_Id (Attribute_Name (N)) is
+                  when Attribute_Old =>
+                     return Skip;
+                  when Attribute_Result =>
+                     Found := True;
+                  when others =>
+                     null;
+               end case;
+
+            when others =>
+               null;
+         end case;
+
+         if Found then
+            Post_State_Mentioned := True;
+            return Abandon;
+         else
+            return OK;
+         end if;
+      end Check_Post_State;
+
+      -----------------------------
+      -- Process_Post_Conditions --
+      -----------------------------
+
+      procedure Process_Post_Conditions
+        (Spec  : Node_Id;
+         Class : Boolean)
+      is
+         Prag    : Node_Id;
+         Arg     : Node_Id;
+         Ignored : Traverse_Final_Result;
+         pragma Unreferenced (Ignored);
+
+      begin
+         Prag := Spec_PPC_List (Contract (Spec));
+
+         loop
+            Arg := First (Pragma_Argument_Associations (Prag));
+
+            --  Since pre- and postconditions are listed in reverse order, the
+            --  first postcondition in the list is the last in the source.
+
+            if Pragma_Name (Prag) = Name_Postcondition
+              and then not Class
+              and then No (Last_Postcondition)
+            then
+               Last_Postcondition := Prag;
+            end if;
+
+            --  For functions, look for presence of 'Result in postcondition
+
+            if Ekind_In (Spec_Id, E_Function, E_Generic_Function) then
+               Ignored := Find_Attribute_Result (Arg);
+            end if;
+
+            --  For each individual non-inherited postcondition, look for
+            --  presence of an expression that could be evaluated differently
+            --  in post-state.
+
+            if Pragma_Name (Prag) = Name_Postcondition
+              and then not Class
+            then
+               Post_State_Mentioned := False;
+               Ignored              := Find_Post_State (Arg);
+
+               if not Post_State_Mentioned then
+                  Error_Msg_N ("?postcondition only refers to pre-state",
+                               Prag);
+               end if;
+            end if;
+
+            Prag := Next_Pragma (Prag);
+            exit when No (Prag);
+         end loop;
+      end Process_Post_Conditions;
+
+   --  Start of processing for Check_Subprogram_Contract
+
+   begin
+      if not Warn_On_Suspicious_Contract then
+         return;
+      end if;
+
+      if Present (Spec_PPC_List (Contract (Spec_Id))) then
+         Process_Post_Conditions (Spec_Id, Class => False);
+      end if;
+
+      --  Process inherited postconditions
+
+      --  Code is currently commented out as, in some cases, it causes crashes
+      --  because Direct_Primitive_Operations is not available for a private
+      --  type. This may cause more warnings to be issued than necessary.
+
+--        for J in Inherited'Range loop
+--           if Present (Spec_PPC_List (Contract (Inherited (J)))) then
+--              Process_Post_Conditions (Inherited (J), Class => True);
+--           end if;
+--        end loop;
+
+      --  Issue warning for functions whose postcondition does not mention
+      --  'Result after all postconditions have been processed.
+
+      if Ekind_In (Spec_Id, E_Function, E_Generic_Function)
+        and then Present (Last_Postcondition)
+        and then not Attribute_Result_Mentioned
+      then
+         Error_Msg_N ("?function postcondition does not mention result",
+                      Last_Postcondition);
+      end if;
+   end Check_Subprogram_Contract;
+
    ----------------------------
    -- Check_Subprogram_Order --
    ----------------------------
Index: sem_ch6.ads
===================================================================
--- sem_ch6.ads	(revision 178381)
+++ sem_ch6.ads	(working copy)
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 --                                                                          --
 --                                 S p e c                                  --
 --                                                                          --
---          Copyright (C) 1992-2010, Free Software Foundation, Inc.         --
+--          Copyright (C) 1992-2011, Free Software Foundation, Inc.         --
 --                                                                          --
 -- GNAT is free software;  you can  redistribute it  and/or modify it under --
 -- terms of the  GNU General Public License as published  by the Free Soft- --
@@ -113,6 +113,10 @@
    --  type-conformant subprogram that becomes hidden by the new subprogram.
    --  Is_Primitive indicates whether the subprogram is primitive.
 
+   procedure Check_Subprogram_Contract (Spec_Id : Entity_Id);
+   --  Spec_Id is the spec entity for a subprogram. This routine issues
+   --  warnings on suspicious contracts if Warn_On_Suspicious_Contract is set.
+
    procedure Check_Subtype_Conformant
      (New_Id                   : Entity_Id;
       Old_Id                   : Entity_Id;
Index: opt.ads
===================================================================
--- opt.ads	(revision 178381)
+++ opt.ads	(working copy)
@@ -1550,6 +1550,12 @@
    --  clauses that are affected by non-standard bit-order. The default is
    --  that this warning is enabled.
 
+   Warn_On_Suspicious_Contract : Boolean := True;
+   --  GNAT
+   --  Set to True to generate warnings for suspicious contracts expressed as
+   --  pragmas or aspects precondition and postcondition. The default is that
+   --  this warning is enabled.
+
    Warn_On_Suspicious_Modulus_Value : Boolean := True;
    --  GNAT
    --  Set to True to generate warnings for suspicious modulus values. The

^ permalink raw reply	[flat|nested] only message in thread

only message in thread, other threads:[~2011-09-02  9:22 UTC | newest]

Thread overview: (only message) (download: mbox.gz / follow: Atom feed)
-- links below jump to the message on this page --
2011-09-02  9:22 [Ada] New warning for suspicious contracts Arnaud Charlet

This is a public inbox, see mirroring instructions
for how to clone and mirror all data and code used for this inbox;
as well as URLs for read-only IMAP folder(s) and NNTP newsgroup(s).