commit bef4c2fc9c89825503ddbff062544dd7d2582ac2
Author: Jason Merrill <jason@redhat.com>
Date:   Wed Jun 28 12:41:34 2017 -0400

            PR c++/55639 - partial specialization with ::template
    
            * parser.c (cp_parser_class_head): Handle ::template.

diff --git a/gcc/cp/parser.c b/gcc/cp/parser.c
index c9fc284..bd99c05 100644
--- a/gcc/cp/parser.c
+++ b/gcc/cp/parser.c
@@ -22602,6 +22602,9 @@ cp_parser_class_head (cp_parser* parser,
 					   /*is_declaration=*/false);
   /* If there was a nested-name-specifier, then there *must* be an
      identifier.  */
+
+  cp_token *bad_template_keyword = NULL;
+
   if (nested_name_specifier)
     {
       type_start_token = cp_lexer_peek_token (parser->lexer);
@@ -22623,6 +22626,8 @@ cp_parser_class_head (cp_parser* parser,
 	 class-name is a template-id; if we looked for the
 	 template-name first we would stop after the template-name.  */
       cp_parser_parse_tentatively (parser);
+      if (cp_lexer_next_token_is_keyword (parser->lexer, RID_TEMPLATE))
+	bad_template_keyword = cp_lexer_consume_token (parser->lexer);
       type = cp_parser_class_name (parser,
 				   /*typename_keyword_p=*/false,
 				   /*template_keyword_p=*/false,
@@ -22742,6 +22747,12 @@ cp_parser_class_head (cp_parser* parser,
     {
       tree scope;
 
+      if (bad_template_keyword)
+	/* [temp.names]: in a qualified-id formed by a class-head-name, the
+	   keyword template shall not appear at the top level.  */
+	pedwarn (bad_template_keyword->location, OPT_Wpedantic,
+		 "keyword %<template%> not allowed in class-head-name");
+
       /* Reject typedef-names in class heads.  */
       if (!DECL_IMPLICIT_TYPEDEF_P (type))
 	{
diff --git a/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/template/partial-specialization8.C b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/template/partial-specialization8.C
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e3ffe3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gcc/testsuite/g++.dg/template/partial-specialization8.C
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// PR c++/55639
+
+template <int number>
+struct SomeClass
+{
+  SomeClass() { }
+
+  template <typename E, int number2>
+  struct Fun {
+    static void
+    fun() { }
+  };
+};
+
+template <int number>
+template <typename E>
+struct SomeClass<number>::template Fun<E, 0> { // { dg-error "template" }
+  static void fun() { }
+};