[binutils-gdb] gdbsupport: fix path_join crash with -std=c++17 and -D_GLIBCXX_DEBUG

[Simon Marchi <simark@sourceware.org>]

https://sourceware.org/git/gitweb.cgi?p=binutils-gdb.git;h=02646f1960a53e50c05218725cbf63098bee5bbe

commit 02646f1960a53e50c05218725cbf63098bee5bbe
Author: Simon Marchi <simon.marchi@polymtl.ca>
Date:   Wed May 4 10:10:25 2022 -0400

    gdbsupport: fix path_join crash with -std=c++17 and -D_GLIBCXX_DEBUG
    
    When building GDB with -std=c++17 and -D_GLIBCXX_DEBUG=1, I get:
    
      $ ./gdb -nx --data-directory=data-directory -q -ex "maint selftest path_join"
      /usr/include/c++/11.2.0/string_view:233: constexpr const value_type& std::basic_string_view<_CharT, _Traits>::operator[](std::basic_string_view<_CharT, _Traits>::size_type) const [with _CharT = char; _Traits = std::char_traits<char>; std::basic_string_view<_CharT, _Traits>::const_reference = const char&; std::basic_string_view<_CharT, _Traits>::size_type = long unsigned int]: Assertion  '__pos < this->_M_len' failed.
    
    The problem is that we're passing an empty string_view to
    IS_ABSOLUTE_PATH.  IS_ABSOLUTE_PATH accesses [0] on that string_view,
    which is out-of-bounds.
    
    The reason this is not seen with -std less than c++17 is that our local
    copy of string_view (used with C++ < 17) does not have the assert in
    operator[], as that wouldn't work in a constexpr method:
    
      https://gitlab.com/gnutools/binutils-gdb/-/blob/5890af36e5112bcbb8d7555e63570f68466e6944/gdbsupport/gdb_string_view.h#L180
    
    IS_ABSOLUTE_PATH is normally used with null-terminated string.  It's
    fine to pass an empty null-terminated string to IS_ABSOLUTE_PATH,
    because index 0 in such a string is valid.  But not with an empty
    string_view.
    
    Fix that by avoiding the "call" to IS_ABSOLUTE_PATH if the string_view
    is empty.
    
    Change-Id: Idf4df961b63f513b3389235e93814c02b89ea32e

Diff:
---
 gdbsupport/pathstuff.cc | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/gdbsupport/pathstuff.cc b/gdbsupport/pathstuff.cc
index 5b5a8eea904..af10c6ebd2e 100644
--- a/gdbsupport/pathstuff.cc
+++ b/gdbsupport/pathstuff.cc
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ path_join (gdb::array_view<const gdb::string_view> paths)
       const gdb::string_view path = paths[i];
 
       if (i > 0)
-	gdb_assert (!IS_ABSOLUTE_PATH (path));
+	gdb_assert (path.empty () || !IS_ABSOLUTE_PATH (path));
 
       if (!ret.empty () && !IS_DIR_SEPARATOR (ret.back ()))
 	  ret += '/';