[Bug symtab/31210] New: [gdb, symtab] Deprecate stabs

[Bug symtab/31210] New: [gdb, symtab] Deprecate stabs

[vries at gcc dot gnu.org]

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=31210

            Bug ID: 31210
           Summary: [gdb, symtab] Deprecate stabs
           Product: gdb
           Version: HEAD
            Status: NEW
          Severity: normal
          Priority: P2
         Component: symtab
          Assignee: unassigned at sourceware dot org
          Reporter: vries at gcc dot gnu.org
  Target Milestone: ---

It has been discussed here and there that stabs support could be deprecated, so
I thought it would be good to have a PR to document and track why this is or
isn't a good idea.

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[Bug symtab/31210] [gdb, symtab] Deprecate stabs

[vries at gcc dot gnu.org]

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=31210

--- Comment #1 from Tom de Vries <vries at gcc dot gnu.org> ---
FWIW, one related idea I had: if there was a tool to translate stabs to dwarf,
either external or in the form of a library, then there would be no need for
gdb, or indeed any other tool supporting dwarf to continue supporting stabs
natively.  

My guess is that such a tool could be feasible given that dwarf is generally
considered the more expressive format.

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[Bug symtab/31210] [gdb, symtab] Deprecate stabs

[ssbssa at sourceware dot org]

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=31210

Hannes Domani <ssbssa at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 CC|                            |ssbssa at sourceware dot org

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[Bug symtab/31210] [gdb, symtab] Deprecate stabs

[vries at gcc dot gnu.org]

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=31210

--- Comment #2 from Tom de Vries <vries at gcc dot gnu.org> ---
See for instance: https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=23220#c6

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[Bug symtab/31210] [gdb, symtab] Deprecate stabs

[tromey at sourceware dot org]

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=31210

Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 CC|                            |tromey at sourceware dot org

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[Bug symtab/31210] [gdb, symtab] Deprecate stabs

[vries at gcc dot gnu.org]

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=31210

--- Comment #3 from Tom de Vries <vries at gcc dot gnu.org> ---
GCC 12 deprecated stabs generation, GCC 13 removed it:
- https://gcc.gnu.org/gcc-12/changes.html
- https://gcc.gnu.org/gcc-13/changes.html

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[tromey at sourceware dot org]

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=31210

--- Comment #4 from Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> ---
See this thread though:

https://inbox.sourceware.org/gdb-patches/20230119174156.654402-1-tom@tromey.com/

At least Eli was opposed IIRC.

I found out today that with GCC 12 I can't even run
gdb tests with stabs:

murgatroyd. runtest --target_board=stabs gdb.base/whatis-ptype-typedefs.exp
[...]
gdb compile failed, gcc: warning: switch '-gstabs+' is no longer supported
gdb compile failed, g++: warning: switch '-gstabs+' is no longer supported

                === gdb Summary ===

# of untested testcases         2


We'd need some kind of gcc wrapper.
And in the future we will have to build an old compiler or
something to test.

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[Bug symtab/31210] [gdb, symtab] Deprecate stabs

[tromey at sourceware dot org]

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=31210

--- Comment #5 from Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> ---
(In reply to Tom de Vries from comment #1)
> FWIW, one related idea I had: if there was a tool to translate stabs to
> dwarf, either external or in the form of a library, then there would be no
> need for gdb, or indeed any other tool supporting dwarf to continue
> supporting stabs natively.  
> 
> My guess is that such a tool could be feasible given that dwarf is generally
> considered the more expressive format.

Definitely feasible.  I think the main problem is that probably no-one
knows or cares enough to write it.

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[Bug symtab/31210] [gdb, symtab] Deprecate stabs

[vries at gcc dot gnu.org]

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=31210

--- Comment #6 from Tom de Vries <vries at gcc dot gnu.org> ---
(In reply to Tom Tromey from comment #4)
> See this thread though:
> 
> https://inbox.sourceware.org/gdb-patches/20230119174156.654402-1-tom@tromey.
> com/

The last proposal in the thread is: deprecate in 15, remove in 16.

Looking in NEWS, it's not deprecated in 15, and we're about to branch for 16.

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[tromey at sourceware dot org]

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=31210

--- Comment #7 from Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> ---
I was under the impression that the deprecation plan wasn't
really agreed to.
I haven't re-read the thread though.

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[Bug symtab/31210] [gdb, symtab] Deprecate stabs

[cvs-commit at gcc dot gnu.org]

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=31210

--- Comment #8 from Sourceware Commits <cvs-commit at gcc dot gnu.org> ---
The master branch has been updated by Tom de Vries <vries@sourceware.org>:

https://sourceware.org/git/gitweb.cgi?p=binutils-gdb.git;h=d68afffbaa0a57c79006c7ac3a4bfb42f321e979

commit d68afffbaa0a57c79006c7ac3a4bfb42f321e979
Author: Tom de Vries <tdevries@suse.de>
Date:   Sat Jan 4 09:41:35 2025 +0100

    [gdb/testsuite] Skip stabs board in make-check-all.sh

    I ran make-check-all.sh with gdb.linespec/explicit.exp, and the only
problems
    were found with target board stabs.

    With target board unix the test-case runs in two seconds, but with target
    board stabs it takes 12 seconds due to a timeout.

    Stabs support in gdb has been unmaintained for a while, and there's an
ongoing
    discussion to deprecate and remove it (PR symtab/31210).

    It seems unnecessary to excercise this unmaintained feature in
    make-check-all.sh, so drop it.

    Tested on x86_64-linux.

    Bug: https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=31210

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[Bug symtab/31210] [gdb, symtab] Deprecate stabs

[cvs-commit at gcc dot gnu.org]

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=31210

--- Comment #9 from Sourceware Commits <cvs-commit at gcc dot gnu.org> ---
The master branch has been updated by Guinevere Larsen
<guinevere@sourceware.org>:

https://sourceware.org/git/gitweb.cgi?p=binutils-gdb.git;h=f35bb15bed4ef1179f6c54654a590c825e53c3dc

commit f35bb15bed4ef1179f6c54654a590c825e53c3dc
Author: Guinevere Larsen <guinevere@redhat.com>
Date:   Mon Jan 13 14:04:04 2025 -0300

    gdb: Deprecate stabs debug info

    GCC has deprecated stabs generation in GCC 12 and entirely removed it in
    GCC 13, which was released in April 2023. At the time it was proposed
    that GDB deprecate stabs as well, but the decision was to support it a
    bit longer. With this patch, it'll be deprecated on GDB 17, and removed
    on GDB 18, which following the current cadence, will be released early
    2026, meaning we will have supported stabs for nearly 3 years longer
    than GCC, which I think is reasonable.

    As pointed out in the previous discussion on this topic[1], there are
    several existing issues on the code, and none of the current maintainers
    knows how to fix it.  Unless someone steps up to fix this before the
    removal on GDB 18, I don't see why we should keep this old code that
    breaks all conventions of modern debuginfo readers and doesn't even
    work, instead of being able to further advance adjacent code.

    Finally, deprecating and removing stabs will make a.out/dbx inferiors be
    essentially unsupported, as the only debuginfo GDB supports for those
    formats is stabs, meaning users would only have assembly-level debugging
    for that format. With that in mind, this commit deprecates the a.out/dbx
    format as well.

    [1]
https://inbox.sourceware.org/gdb-patches/20230119174156.654402-1-tom@tromey.com/

    Bug: https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=31210
    Approved-By: Tom Tromey <tom@tromey.com>

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[Bug symtab/31210] [gdb, symtab] Remove stabs

[tromey at sourceware dot org]

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=31210

Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
            Summary|[gdb, symtab] Deprecate     |[gdb, symtab] Remove stabs
                   |stabs                       |

--- Comment #10 from Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> ---
Stabs are deprecated in 17 and now there is a patch series to
remove them for 18.  I'm repurposing this bug and marking any
stabs bug I can find as a dependency, so we can mass-close them
when the patches land.

https://sourceware.org/pipermail/gdb-patches/2025-September/220782.html

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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |29950


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=29950
[Bug 29950] debugging stabs+ binary hits assertion`idx >= 0 && idx < num_fields
()'
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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |8080


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=8080
[Bug 8080] [RFA] Use hash to speed up BINCL/INCL processing.
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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |7318


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=7318
[Bug 7318] Type confusion with excluded include files (stabs)
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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |7606


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=7606
[Bug 7606] Stabs Documentation Incorrect for Pointer Instances
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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |7886


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=7886
[Bug 7886] illegal stabs info for gcc 3.2 +gdb 20021001 (sparc-sun-solaris2.8)
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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |8481


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=8481
[Bug 8481] choice of section offset during STABS psymtab construction is
careless
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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |8707


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=8707
[Bug 8707] GDB incorrectly reads forward-referenced types from EXCL'd header
files
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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |8708


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=8708
[Bug 8708] Error in stab type info causes GDB to miss other type definitions
from the same stab
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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |24814


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=24814
[Bug 24814] gstabs & gstabs+ possible stack pointer bug
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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |8177


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=8177
[Bug 8177] Patch for bug 567 (sparc-sun-solaris2.8)
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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |7369


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=7369
[Bug 7369] confusion between directory and filename in debugging information
provided by Sun Workshop 5.3
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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |7875


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=7875
[Bug 7875] ELF symbol files incorrectly read with respect to source line
numbers
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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |7884


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=7884
[Bug 7884] mishandled enums in sparc-sun-solaris2.8 gcc 3.2 + gdb 20021001
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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |8644


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=8644
[Bug 8644] Invalid cast when calling a function with struct args on 32-bit
SPARC
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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |7715


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=7715
[Bug 7715] gdb crashes when listing source of g++-3.1-compiled binary
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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |7930


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=7930
[Bug 7930] gdb gets scope of class local to a function wrong
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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |8314


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=8314
[Bug 8314] Enums as template parameters produce "can't find class" errors
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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |8480


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=8480
[Bug 8480] problem debugging 64-bit sparc processes
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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |8774


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=8774
[Bug 8774] 64-bit Solaris does not work
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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |8792


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=8792
[Bug 8792] local variables in inner blocks are unknown to gdb
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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |9285


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=9285
[Bug 9285] invalid address for symbol w/o debugging info when using stabs
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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |9298


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=9298
[Bug 9298] MIPS-32 fails to show correct function arguments with stabs+
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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |8872


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=8872
[Bug 8872] Backtrace in naked functions
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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |9512


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=9512
[Bug 9512] Incomplete type evaluated incorrectly
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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |9535


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=9535
[Bug 9535] assembler file with multiple sections which is not adjacent can't
step
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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |23220


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=23220
[Bug 23220] Gdb prints the wrong address for local variables, in 32 bit mode
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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |28740


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=28740
[Bug 28740] Internal error: internal_type_vptr_fieldno() crashes
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Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |28900


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=28900
[Bug 28900] GDB crash on loading symbols form openbios binary
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[Bug symtab/31210] [gdb, symtab] Remove stabs

[tromey at sourceware dot org]

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=31210

Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |30622


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=30622
[Bug 30622] symbol file: create_range_type: Assertion `TYPE_LENGTH (index_type)
> 0' failed
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[Bug symtab/31210] [gdb, symtab] Remove stabs

[tromey at sourceware dot org]

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=31210

Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Blocks|                            |30847


Referenced Bugs:

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=30847
[Bug 30847] gdbtypes.c:3355: internal-error causes gdb to abort when setting
breakpoint
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[Bug symtab/31210] [gdb, symtab] Remove stabs

[kadler at us dot ibm.com]

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=31210

Korinne Adler <kadler at us dot ibm.com> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 CC|                            |kadler at us dot ibm.com

--- Comment #11 from Korinne Adler <kadler at us dot ibm.com> ---
I don't know how the AIX team feels about this, but from an IBM i/PASE point of
view, I think this is fine, especially long-term. As mentioned previously, GCC
has now removed XCOFF/STABS support and also LLVM has only ever supported DWARF
on AIX. Legacy XLC is on its death bed and is replaced by xlclang/OpenXL anyway
(and even for users clinging to it, it supports DWARF). So as users upgrade to
newer compilers, XCOFF format will become a thing of the past anyway.

In the short term, we still have lots of extant code compiled with XCOFF format
and would like to have the ability to debug, even if it's only assembly-level.
It's been a few years since I tried, but I seem to recall that gdb would raise
an internal error if it loaded an object that was XCOFF when it was built for
DWARF. Hopefully instead, this is replaced with a warning instead of a hard
error.

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[Bug symtab/31210] [gdb, symtab] Remove stabs

[tromey at sourceware dot org]

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=31210

Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> changed:

           What    |Removed                     |Added
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Status|NEW                         |RESOLVED
   Target Milestone|---                         |18.1
         Resolution|---                         |FIXED

--- Comment #12 from Tom Tromey <tromey at sourceware dot org> ---
Stabs were removed but didn't mention the bug.
Final thread was here:
https://sourceware.org/pipermail/gdb-patches/2025-October/221863.html

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