[Bug libc/10353] Methods for deleting all file descriptors greater than given integer

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From: "adhemerval.zanella at linaro dot org" <sourceware-bugzilla@sourceware.org>
To: glibc-bugs@sourceware.org
Subject: [Bug libc/10353] Methods for deleting all file descriptors greater than given integer
Date: Fri, 12 Apr 2019 14:46:00 -0000	[thread overview]
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https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=10353

Adhemerval Zanella <adhemerval.zanella at linaro dot org> changed:

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--- Comment #8 from Adhemerval Zanella <adhemerval.zanella at linaro dot org> ---
To expand Florian answer, the main issue is that closefrom call is inherent
racy when trying to implement on libc without kernel support. 

The straightforward way to accomplish, and what python does, is to iterate over
all open file descriptors (either by walking through /proc/<pid>/fds or
sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX)) and issue a close on the file descriptor.

The problem with this approach does not guarantee on multithread environments
that a file descriptor would not be created in the iteration phase.  One option
would be to serialize a file descriptor creation routine (such as open, openat)
with close; but besides the fact it adds a large complexity and scalability
issue, it does not solve the issue of file descriptors being created by
bypassing the libc (by issuing the syscall instruction directly).

Both OpenBSD and Solaris implements it with syscalls, former with closefrom and
later with fcntl(..., F_CLOSEFROM). Also, Solaris documents its MT-unsafe. 

In fact, IMHO a closefrom syscall won't help much for posix_spawn. Current
implementation for Linux uses a clone(CLONE_VM, CLONE_VFORK) which means that
only the calling thread will be suspended while the helper thread issues
execlpe or _exit.  It means that a file action to issue a closefrom will also
be susceptible to race conditions in multi-thread environments.

That's why posix_spawn_file_actions_addclosefrom_np does not make much sense
unless you implement posix_spawn with fork+exec (which has its own scalability
issues).  The possible solutions are:

 1. Ensure all file descriptors are opened with O_CLOEXEC.

 2. Use a helper process to actually set up the required file descriptor close
steps and issue the target binary. This is in fact what OpenJDK does (check
src/java.base/unix/native/jspawnhelper/jspawnhelper.c and
src/java.base/unix/native/libjava/childproc.c).

So IMHO closefrom would be just a performance optimization on Linux, where
kernel will know exactly which file descriptor to close.

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From: "dimpase at gmail dot com" <sourceware-bugzilla@sourceware.org>
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Subject: [Bug libc/10353] Methods for deleting all file descriptors greater than given integer
Date: Fri, 12 Apr 2019 21:35:00 -0000
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https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=10353

--- Comment #9 from Dima Pasechnik <dimpase at gmail dot com> ---
The cpython problem with its current implementation is bad performance on
systems with large sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX) value (e.g. it's much bigger on
FreeBSD than it's on Linux). We actually plan to do a cpython PR which would
replace the loop with a call to closefrom() -- for systems where it's
available.

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From: "adhemerval.zanella at linaro dot org" <sourceware-bugzilla@sourceware.org>
To: glibc-bugs@sourceware.org
Subject: [Bug libc/10353] Methods for deleting all file descriptors greater than given integer
Date: Fri, 12 Apr 2019 22:10:00 -0000
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https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=10353

--- Comment #10 from Adhemerval Zanella <adhemerval.zanella at linaro dot org> ---
(In reply to Dima Pasechnik from comment #9)
> The cpython problem with its current implementation is bad performance on
> systems with large sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX) value (e.g. it's much bigger on
> FreeBSD than it's on Linux). We actually plan to do a cpython PR which would
> replace the loop with a call to closefrom() -- for systems where it's
> available.

AFAIK unfortunately for this case, there is no much glibc can do without proper
kernel support.

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From: "tamuki at linet dot gr.jp" <sourceware-bugzilla@sourceware.org>
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Subject: [Bug time/24453] New: Producing alternative representation for year with alternative numeric symbols
Date: Sun, 14 Apr 2019 06:24:00 -0000
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https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=24453

            Bug ID: 24453
           Summary: Producing alternative representation for year with
                    alternative numeric symbols
           Product: glibc
           Version: 2.29
            Status: NEW
          Severity: normal
          Priority: P2
         Component: time
          Assignee: unassigned at sourceware dot org
          Reporter: tamuki at linet dot gr.jp
  Target Milestone: ---

In Japanese locale, it is possible to produce Japanese calendar date
and time representation with Chinese numerals as follows:

$ LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8 date -d "2019-04-14 11:23:31" +"%mæœˆ%dæ—¥"
04æœˆ14æ—¥
$ LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8 date -d "2019-04-14 11:23:31" +"%Hæ™‚%Måˆ†%Sç§’"
11æ™‚23åˆ†31ç§’

$ LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8 date -d "2019-04-14 11:23:31" +"%Omæœˆ%Odæ—¥"
å››æœˆåå››æ—¥
$ LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8 date -d "2019-04-14 11:23:31" +"%OHæ™‚%OMåˆ†%OSç§’"
åä¸€æ™‚äºŒåä¸‰åˆ†ä¸‰åä¸€ç§’

These representation are very commonly used in Japan, especially in
vertical writing.

However, Japanese calendar year can currently not be produced using
Chinese numeric symbols, because both the 'E' and 'O' modifiers can
not be applied to "%y" or "%Y" simultaneously:

$ LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8 date -d "2019-04-14 11:23:31" +"%yå¹´"
19å¹´
$ LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8 date -d "2019-04-14 11:23:31" +"%Yå¹´"
2019å¹´
$ LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8 date -d "2019-04-14 11:23:31" +"%EC%Eyå¹´"
å¹³æˆ31å¹´
$ LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8 date -d "2019-04-14 11:23:31" +"%EY"
å¹³æˆ31å¹´
$ LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8 date -d "2019-04-14 11:23:31" +"%Oyå¹´"
åä¹å¹´
$ LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8 date -d "2019-04-14 11:23:31" +"%EC%OEyå¹´"
å¹³æˆ%OEyå¹´
$ LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8 date -d "2019-04-14 11:23:31" +"%OEY"
%OEY

The last two should be represented as follows:

å¹³æˆä¸‰åä¸€å¹´

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Subject: [Bug libc/10353] Methods for deleting all file descriptors greater than given integer
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https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=10353

--- Comment #11 from Dima Pasechnik <dimpase at gmail dot com> ---
libbsd does provide closefrom on Linux-I have not looked at what it actually
does...

https://packages.debian.org/source/sid/libbsd

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https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=10353

--- Comment #12 from Adhemerval Zanella <adhemerval.zanella at linaro dot org> ---
(In reply to Dima Pasechnik from comment #11)
> libbsd does provide closefrom on Linux-I have not looked at what it actually
> does...
> 
> https://packages.debian.org/source/sid/

It does exactly what I described earlier: interact over /proc/self/fd or
getconf [1].

[1] https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/libbsd/libbsd/blob/master/src/closefrom.c

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Subject: [Bug dynamic-link/15311] _dl_sort_fini static deps can be violated by dynamic ones
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Subject: [Bug dynamic-link/15329] _dl_sort_fini and _dl_sort_init don't keep SCCs contiguous
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Subject: [Bug dynamic-link/15310] _dl_sort_fini is O(n^3) causing slow exit when many dsos
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https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=15310

--- Comment #25 from Marat Radchenko <marat at slonopotamus dot org> ---
(In reply to Don Hatch from comment #3)
> I'll submit it here in a day or two.

Hello from 2019. We're still suffering from O(n^3). Don, unfortunately you
haven't published your code anywhere (even if it still lacks an exhaustive set
of tests).

For those brave enough out there who would like to try solve this, here's a PDF
named "A Space-Efficient Algorithm for Finding Strongly Connected Components"
with non-recursive Tarjan SCC implementation:
http://homepages.ecs.vuw.ac.nz/~djp/files/IPL15-preprint.pdf

"Proposed initial patch" that is attached here is no longer needed because it
only moves code around that was done in

commit c2c299fd24e87b83c63191ff979d41a86b37d714
Author: Andreas Schwab <schwab@suse.de>
Date:   Tue Nov 7 15:24:19 2017 +0100

    Consolidate link map sorting

    Combine the four places where link maps are sorted into a single function.
    This also moves the logic to skip the first map (representing the main
    binary) to the callers.

So, there's currently only a single sorting function in elf/dl-sort-maps.c

BTW, has anyone tried looking at how other libcs do this sorting? Maybe there's
no need to reinvent the wheel?

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Subject: [Bug dynamic-link/17645] RFE: Improve performance of dynamic loader for deeply nested DSO dependencies.
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https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=17645

--- Comment #11 from Marat Radchenko <marat at slonopotamus dot org> ---
(In reply to Paulo Andrade from comment #8)
> My question is, is some documentation that says
> that dsos must be kept together in the ordering?
> I mean, there are 2 correct results:
> 
> main a4 a3 b2 b1 a2 a1
> 
> and
> 
> main a4 a3 b2 a2 a1 b1
> 
> but if there is some specification that says
> it should have "b2 b1" together, then the patch
> is invalid, because it only breaks cycles and
> does ordering, and if there are no dependencies,
> it keeps it in the order it received the list
> to sort.

I'm not aware of any such spefication, but current glibc implementation does
keep direct dependencies together and this looks like A Good Thing.

#15310 suggest using Tarjan SCC for toposort and it is expected to keep direct
deps together.

With regard to your patch - what big-O complexity does it have? If I read the
code correctly, you recalculate (num_maps - num_seen) weights whenever you mark
link_map as seen. This is just a better than O(n^2). But the problem we're
talking about (toposort) is believed to be linear.

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Subject: [Bug network/24252] resolv/tst-resolv-ai_idn test failure with libidn2 2.1.1a
Date: Mon, 15 Apr 2019 08:27:00 -0000
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--- Comment #8 from Florian Weimer <fweimer at redhat dot com> ---
libidn2 upstream now has an API trace test, based on the glibc test suite:

https://gitlab.com/libidn/libidn2/commit/6b75895913990dd91ab5c373e4c9d1977761f899

Hopefully, this will avoid future regressions in the glibc test suite.

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Subject: [Bug dynamic-link/11754] RFE: dlopen of ET_EXEC file
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https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=11754

--- Comment #15 from Florian Weimer <fweimer at redhat dot com> ---
(In reply to John Reiser from comment #14)
> (In reply to Florian Weimer from comment #13)
> > We cannot support this because it is not possible to perform correct
> > relocations if another executable has already been loaded.  There is also no
> > way to correctly execute the ELF constructors of the second executable.
> 
> Please give specific examples or explanations why success (or a
> recognizable, specific, and informative error code) is not possible.

Here is an example.  The first program is mylocaltime-export:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>

void
mylocaltime (time_t t)
{
  struct tm *tm = localtime (&t);
  printf ("tm_isdst (from other program): %d\n", tm->tm_isdst);
  printf ("daylight (from other program): %d\n", daylight);
}

int
main (void)
{
  return 0;
}

The second is mylocaltime-use:

#include <dlfcn.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>

static void
mylocaltime2 (time_t t)
{
  struct tm *tm = localtime (&t);
  printf ("tm_isdst (from main program): %d\n", tm->tm_isdst);
  printf ("daylight (from main program): %d\n", daylight);
}

int
main (void)
{
  setenv ("TZ", "Europe/Berlin", 1);
  void *handle = dlopen ("./mylocaltime-export", RTLD_NOW);
  if (handle == NULL)
    errx (1, "dlopen: %s", dlerror ());
  void *func = dlsym (handle, "mylocaltime");
  if (func == NULL)
    errx (1, "dlsym: %s", dlerror ());
  void (*fptr) (time_t) = func;
  mylocaltime2 (1555332781);
  fptr (1555332781);
}

Running the latter produces on x86-64:

tm_isdst (from main program): 1
daylight (from main program): 1
tm_isdst (from other program): 1
daylight (from other program): 0

Such issues will be extremely difficult to debug.

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From: "fweimer at redhat dot com" <sourceware-bugzilla@sourceware.org>
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Subject: [Bug dynamic-link/24323] dlopen should not be able open PIE objects
Date: Mon, 15 Apr 2019 12:58:00 -0000
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https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=24323

--- Comment #1 from Florian Weimer <fweimer at redhat dot com> ---
See bug 11754 comment 15 for an example why this change is desirable.

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>From glibc-bugs-return-45288-listarch-glibc-bugs=sources.redhat.com@sourceware.org Mon Apr 15 14:47:26 2019
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next prev parent reply	other threads:[~2019-04-12 14:46 UTC|newest]

Thread overview: 13+ messages / expand[flat|nested]  mbox.gz  Atom feed  top
     [not found] <bug-10353-131@http.sourceware.org/bugzilla/>
2014-07-01  7:54 ` fweimer at redhat dot com
2019-04-12 14:46 ` adhemerval.zanella at linaro dot org [this message]
2020-11-03  9:34 ` [Bug libc/10353] Methods for deleting all file descriptors greater than given integer (closefrom) stsp at users dot sourceforge.net
2020-11-03  9:45 ` fweimer at redhat dot com
2020-12-16 16:39 ` crrodriguez at opensuse dot org
2020-12-16 16:40 ` crrodriguez at opensuse dot org
2020-12-16 17:07 ` adhemerval.zanella at linaro dot org
2021-07-08 17:21 ` adhemerval.zanella at linaro dot org
2009-06-30 23:31 [Bug libc/10353] New: Methods for deleting all file descriptors greater than given integer martinrb at google dot com
2009-06-30 23:52 ` [Bug libc/10353] " roland at gnu dot org
2009-07-01  5:58 ` drepper at redhat dot com
2009-07-01 22:22 ` martinrb at google dot com
2009-07-02  6:27 ` drepper at redhat dot com
2009-07-02 16:15 ` martinrb at google dot com

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