Re: [PATCH] prctl.2: Fix typo

Re: [PATCH] prctl.2: Fix typo

[Alejandro Colomar]

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Hi Stefan,

On Tue, Oct 31, 2023 at 04:31:58PM +0200, Stefan Puiu wrote:
> Hi Alex and Bruno,
> 
> On Tue, Oct 31, 2023 at 4:06 PM Alejandro Colomar <alx@kernel.org> wrote:
> >
> > Hi Bruno,
> >
> > On Sun, Oct 29, 2023 at 09:51:55PM +0100, Bruno Haible wrote:
> > > The synopsis of the prctl.2 page has:
> > >
> > >        int prctl(int option, ...
> > >
> > > This makes no sense, because
> > >   - the first argument is not optional; it is mandatory.
> > >   - the title of the page is "operations on a process or thread".
> > >
> > > It is thus clear that the first argument indicates the operation to perform.
> > >
> > > Find attached the correction.
> >
> > Agree.  I've seen there are other similarly incorrect uses of the word
> > "option" where "operation" should have been used in the same page (but
> > there are some that are correctly used).  Would you mind checking the
> > entire page for those other replacements?
> 
> Hmm, 'option' is not the same as 'optional'. I guess the first

Yes, I don't think it means optional, but rather a choice from all the
available operations.  However, "operation" would be a more precise
name.

> parameter can be seen as an 'option' passed to prctl() along with some
> other parameters, right?
> 
> Also, there are multiple occurrences of 'option' in the page (e.g.
> 'This option is mainly intended...'), so only changing the argument
> name would introduce an inconsistency in the page. The argument is

Yes, I think we should also update those when they refer to the first
argument, that is, the operation that prctl(2) will perform.

> also called '__option' in glibc headers on my system (in
> /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/sys/prctl.h):
> 
> /* Control process execution.  */
> #ifndef __USE_TIME_BITS64
> extern int prctl (int __option, ...) __THROW;
> #else
> # ifdef __REDIRECT
> extern int __REDIRECT_NTH (prctl, (int __option, ...), __prctl_time64);

I've CCed glibc in case they want to rename it too.

> 
> So, I would say I'm not sure this improves things.

I think a consistent use of operation instead of option would improve
things.  We just need to make sure it's consistent.

Cheers,
Alex

> 
> Just my 2 cents,
> Stefan.

-- 
<https://www.alejandro-colomar.es/>

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Re: [PATCH] prctl.2: Fix typo

[enh]

On Tue, Oct 31, 2023 at 9:12 AM Alejandro Colomar <alx@kernel.org> wrote:
>
> Hi Stefan,
>
> On Tue, Oct 31, 2023 at 04:31:58PM +0200, Stefan Puiu wrote:
> > Hi Alex and Bruno,
> >
> > On Tue, Oct 31, 2023 at 4:06 PM Alejandro Colomar <alx@kernel.org> wrote:
> > >
> > > Hi Bruno,
> > >
> > > On Sun, Oct 29, 2023 at 09:51:55PM +0100, Bruno Haible wrote:
> > > > The synopsis of the prctl.2 page has:
> > > >
> > > >        int prctl(int option, ...
> > > >
> > > > This makes no sense, because
> > > >   - the first argument is not optional; it is mandatory.
> > > >   - the title of the page is "operations on a process or thread".
> > > >
> > > > It is thus clear that the first argument indicates the operation to perform.
> > > >
> > > > Find attached the correction.
> > >
> > > Agree.  I've seen there are other similarly incorrect uses of the word
> > > "option" where "operation" should have been used in the same page (but
> > > there are some that are correctly used).  Would you mind checking the
> > > entire page for those other replacements?
> >
> > Hmm, 'option' is not the same as 'optional'. I guess the first
>
> Yes, I don't think it means optional, but rather a choice from all the
> available operations.  However, "operation" would be a more precise
> name.
>
> > parameter can be seen as an 'option' passed to prctl() along with some
> > other parameters, right?
> >
> > Also, there are multiple occurrences of 'option' in the page (e.g.
> > 'This option is mainly intended...'), so only changing the argument
> > name would introduce an inconsistency in the page. The argument is
>
> Yes, I think we should also update those when they refer to the first
> argument, that is, the operation that prctl(2) will perform.
>
> > also called '__option' in glibc headers on my system (in
> > /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/sys/prctl.h):
> >
> > /* Control process execution.  */
> > #ifndef __USE_TIME_BITS64
> > extern int prctl (int __option, ...) __THROW;
> > #else
> > # ifdef __REDIRECT
> > extern int __REDIRECT_NTH (prctl, (int __option, ...), __prctl_time64);
>
> I've CCed glibc in case they want to rename it too.
>
> >
> > So, I would say I'm not sure this improves things.
>
> I think a consistent use of operation instead of option would improve
> things.  We just need to make sure it's consistent.

i certainly like that idea philosophically --- i actually tried to use
the minimal number of different words when naming arguments in
bionic's headers, to minimize the number of words folks who don't
speak english would need to learn.

looking at man7, i note that ioctl() and ptrace() have "request".
fcntl() has "command". flock() has "operation".

> Cheers,
> Alex
>
> >
> > Just my 2 cents,
> > Stefan.
>
> --
> <https://www.alejandro-colomar.es/>

Re: [PATCH] prctl.2: Fix typo

[Alejandro Colomar]

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Hi Elliott,

On Tue, Oct 31, 2023 at 09:19:56AM -0700, enh wrote:
> > I think a consistent use of operation instead of option would improve
> > things.  We just need to make sure it's consistent.
> 
> i certainly like that idea philosophically --- i actually tried to use
> the minimal number of different words when naming arguments in
> bionic's headers, to minimize the number of words folks who don't
> speak english would need to learn.
> 
> looking at man7, i note that ioctl() and ptrace() have "request".
> fcntl() has "command". flock() has "operation".

Hmm, interesting.  I think operation would be the most accurate one.
What do you think?  Should we uniformize by using operation in all three?

Cheers,
Alex

-- 
<https://www.alejandro-colomar.es/>

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Re: [PATCH] prctl.2: Fix typo

[enh]

On Tue, Oct 31, 2023 at 11:40 AM Alejandro Colomar <alx@kernel.org> wrote:
>
> Hi Elliott,
>
> On Tue, Oct 31, 2023 at 09:19:56AM -0700, enh wrote:
> > > I think a consistent use of operation instead of option would improve
> > > things.  We just need to make sure it's consistent.
> >
> > i certainly like that idea philosophically --- i actually tried to use
> > the minimal number of different words when naming arguments in
> > bionic's headers, to minimize the number of words folks who don't
> > speak english would need to learn.
> >
> > looking at man7, i note that ioctl() and ptrace() have "request".
> > fcntl() has "command". flock() has "operation".
>
> Hmm, interesting.  I think operation would be the most accurate one.
> What do you think?  Should we uniformize by using operation in all three?

"operation" is certainly the most general, and i struggle to see any
value to the current wording --- it's not like any of them help the
reader know "what goes here" without accompanying documentation.

TL;DR: "yeah, if you change the man pages, i'll definitely change
Android's headers to simplify them in this way" (and i have no
particular opinion about _which_ word, and that sounds like a bikeshed
it's not worth going near :-) ).

> Cheers,
> Alex
>
> --
> <https://www.alejandro-colomar.es/>

Re: [PATCH] prctl.2: Fix typo

[Alejandro Colomar]

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Hi Elliott,

On Tue, Oct 31, 2023 at 12:15:43PM -0700, enh wrote:
> "operation" is certainly the most general, and i struggle to see any
> value to the current wording --- it's not like any of them help the
> reader know "what goes here" without accompanying documentation.
> 
> TL;DR: "yeah, if you change the man pages, i'll definitely change
> Android's headers to simplify them in this way" (and i have no

I'll do it; will CC you on any such changes.

Cheers,
Alex

> particular opinion about _which_ word, and that sounds like a bikeshed
> it's not worth going near :-) ).

-- 
<https://www.alejandro-colomar.es/>

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Re: [PATCH] prctl.2: Fix typo

[enh]

On Tue, Oct 31, 2023 at 2:23 PM Alejandro Colomar <alx@kernel.org> wrote:
>
> Hi Elliott,
>
> On Tue, Oct 31, 2023 at 12:15:43PM -0700, enh wrote:
> > "operation" is certainly the most general, and i struggle to see any
> > value to the current wording --- it's not like any of them help the
> > reader know "what goes here" without accompanying documentation.
> >
> > TL;DR: "yeah, if you change the man pages, i'll definitely change
> > Android's headers to simplify them in this way" (and i have no
>
> I'll do it; will CC you on any such changes.

fwiw, here's the full list of "cmd"s, "request"s, "op"s, and "option"s
(manually edited to remove the legit "option"s like getsockopt()):

~/aosp-main-with-phones/bionic/libc/include$ egrep -r
'__(cmd|option|request|op)\b' | sort
bits/fcntl.h:int fcntl(int __fd, int __cmd, ...);
bits/ioctl.h:int ioctl(int __fd, int __request, ...);
bits/lockf.h:int lockf(int __fd, int __cmd, off_t __length)
__RENAME_IF_FILE_OFFSET64(lockf64) __INTRODUCED_IN(24);
sys/epoll.h:int epoll_ctl(int __epoll_fd, int __op, int __fd, struct
epoll_event* __BIONIC_COMPLICATED_NULLNESS __event);
sys/file.h:int flock(int __fd, int __op);
syslog.h:void openlog(const char* _Nullable __prefix, int __option,
int __facility);
sys/msg.h:int msgctl(int __msg_id, int __cmd, struct msqid_ds*
_Nullable __buf) __INTRODUCED_IN(26);
sys/prctl.h:int prctl(int __option, ...);
sys/ptrace.h:long ptrace(int __request, ...);
sys/quota.h:int quotactl(int __cmd, const char* _Nullable __special,
int __id, char* __BIONIC_COMPLICATED_NULLNESS __addr)
__INTRODUCED_IN(26);
sys/reboot.h:int reboot(int __cmd);
sys/sem.h:int semctl(int __sem_id, int __sem_num, int __cmd, ...)
__INTRODUCED_IN(26);
sys/shm.h:int shmctl(int __shm_id, int __cmd, struct shmid_ds*
_Nullable __buf) __INTRODUCED_IN(26);
time.h:int clock_nanosleep(clockid_t __clock, int __flags, const
struct timespec* _Nonnull __request, struct timespec* _Nullable
__remainder);
time.h:int nanosleep(const struct timespec* _Nonnull __request, struct
timespec* _Nullable __remainder);
~/aosp-main-with-phones/bionic/libc/include$

(i'll change the <time.h> *sleep()s to use __duration instead:
https://android-review.googlesource.com/c/platform/bionic/+/2813844)

> Cheers,
> Alex
>
> > particular opinion about _which_ word, and that sounds like a bikeshed
> > it's not worth going near :-) ).
>
> --
> <https://www.alejandro-colomar.es/>

Re: [PATCH] prctl.2: Fix typo

[Alejandro Colomar]

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On Tue, Oct 31, 2023 at 05:37:03PM -0700, enh wrote:
> fwiw, here's the full list of "cmd"s, "request"s, "op"s, and "option"s
> (manually edited to remove the legit "option"s like getsockopt()):

Thanks!  This'll be very helpful.

> 
> ~/aosp-main-with-phones/bionic/libc/include$ egrep -r
> '__(cmd|option|request|op)\b' | sort
> bits/fcntl.h:int fcntl(int __fd, int __cmd, ...);
> bits/ioctl.h:int ioctl(int __fd, int __request, ...);
> bits/lockf.h:int lockf(int __fd, int __cmd, off_t __length)
> __RENAME_IF_FILE_OFFSET64(lockf64) __INTRODUCED_IN(24);
> sys/epoll.h:int epoll_ctl(int __epoll_fd, int __op, int __fd, struct
> epoll_event* __BIONIC_COMPLICATED_NULLNESS __event);
> sys/file.h:int flock(int __fd, int __op);
> syslog.h:void openlog(const char* _Nullable __prefix, int __option,
> int __facility);
> sys/msg.h:int msgctl(int __msg_id, int __cmd, struct msqid_ds*
> _Nullable __buf) __INTRODUCED_IN(26);
> sys/prctl.h:int prctl(int __option, ...);
> sys/ptrace.h:long ptrace(int __request, ...);
> sys/quota.h:int quotactl(int __cmd, const char* _Nullable __special,
> int __id, char* __BIONIC_COMPLICATED_NULLNESS __addr)
> __INTRODUCED_IN(26);
> sys/reboot.h:int reboot(int __cmd);
> sys/sem.h:int semctl(int __sem_id, int __sem_num, int __cmd, ...)
> __INTRODUCED_IN(26);
> sys/shm.h:int shmctl(int __shm_id, int __cmd, struct shmid_ds*
> _Nullable __buf) __INTRODUCED_IN(26);
> time.h:int clock_nanosleep(clockid_t __clock, int __flags, const
> struct timespec* _Nonnull __request, struct timespec* _Nullable
> __remainder);
> time.h:int nanosleep(const struct timespec* _Nonnull __request, struct
> timespec* _Nullable __remainder);
> ~/aosp-main-with-phones/bionic/libc/include$
> 
> (i'll change the <time.h> *sleep()s to use __duration instead:
> https://android-review.googlesource.com/c/platform/bionic/+/2813844)

LGTM.

Cheers,
Alex

-- 
<https://www.alejandro-colomar.es/>

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[PATCH 0/2] Use terms consistently in function parameter names.

[Alejandro Colomar]

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Hi!

I finally wrote this patch.  I had it in my todo for too long.

In <time.h> functions, use duration, instead of request, as suggested by
Elliott.

In ctl functions and similar, there was a lot of variation:

-  command
-  cmd
-  request
-  req
-  option
-  operation
-  op

And they all meant the same thing.  We have similar problems in the
names of the constants, which have similar variability.

In the case of the function parameters, we can easily rename them.  I
chose 'op', as it seems a reasonable (and short) name, and most of the
documentation already used the term 'operation' to refer to the
parameter, even in cases where the parameter was names differently.

I would like to ask to kernel maintainers and libc implementations to
add some consistency here too, and rename the parameters accordingly,
for consistency, or at least use your own consistency, if you don't like
this one, but stick to some rules.

In the case of constants, we can't rename them.  Too bad.  But I'd like
to ask programmers to have this in mind for when new constants are
added, so that some consistency is followed.  (This was something that
made me doubt about using 'op', because most constants seem to use
'_CMD_' in their names.  If you prefer 'cmd' for the parameter names for
that reason, let's discuss it.)

Have a lovely day!
Alex


Alejandro Colomar (2):
  man*/: epoll_*(), fcntl(), flock(), ioctl(), msgctl(), *prctl(),
    ptrace(), quotactl(), reboot(), semctl(), shmctl(), lockf():
    Consistently use 'op' and 'operation'
  clock_nanosleep.2, nanosleep.2: Use 'duration' rather than 'request'

 man2/arch_prctl.2          | 12 +++---
 man2/clock_nanosleep.2     | 20 ++++-----
 man2/epoll_wait.2          |  4 +-
 man2/fcntl.2               | 70 +++++++++++++++----------------
 man2/flock.2               |  6 +--
 man2/ioctl.2               | 30 +++++++-------
 man2/ioctl_console.2       |  8 ++--
 man2/ioctl_fideduperange.2 |  2 +-
 man2/ioctl_getfsmap.2      |  6 +--
 man2/ioctl_ns.2            |  2 +-
 man2/ioctl_tty.2           | 10 ++---
 man2/ioctl_userfaultfd.2   | 10 ++---
 man2/msgctl.2              | 16 ++++----
 man2/nanosleep.2           | 12 +++---
 man2/prctl.2               | 84 +++++++++++++++++++-------------------
 man2/ptrace.2              | 60 +++++++++++++--------------
 man2/quotactl.2            | 34 +++++++--------
 man2/reboot.2              | 19 +++++----
 man2/semctl.2              | 22 +++++-----
 man2/shmctl.2              | 20 +++++----
 man3/lockf.3               | 11 ++---
 21 files changed, 233 insertions(+), 225 deletions(-)

-- 
2.43.0


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[PATCH 1/2] man*/: epoll_*(), fcntl(), flock(), ioctl(), msgctl(), *prctl(), ptrace(), quotactl(), reboot(), semctl(), shmctl(), lockf(): Consistently use 'op' and 'operation'

[Alejandro Colomar]

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Reported-by: Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>
Cc: Elliott Hughes <enh@google.com>
Cc: Stefan Puiu <stefan.puiu@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Alejandro Colomar <alx@kernel.org>
---
 man2/arch_prctl.2          | 12 +++---
 man2/epoll_wait.2          |  4 +-
 man2/fcntl.2               | 70 +++++++++++++++----------------
 man2/flock.2               |  6 +--
 man2/ioctl.2               | 30 +++++++-------
 man2/ioctl_console.2       |  8 ++--
 man2/ioctl_fideduperange.2 |  2 +-
 man2/ioctl_getfsmap.2      |  6 +--
 man2/ioctl_ns.2            |  2 +-
 man2/ioctl_tty.2           | 10 ++---
 man2/ioctl_userfaultfd.2   | 10 ++---
 man2/msgctl.2              | 16 ++++----
 man2/prctl.2               | 84 +++++++++++++++++++-------------------
 man2/ptrace.2              | 60 +++++++++++++--------------
 man2/quotactl.2            | 34 +++++++--------
 man2/reboot.2              | 19 +++++----
 man2/semctl.2              | 22 +++++-----
 man2/shmctl.2              | 20 +++++----
 man3/lockf.3               | 11 ++---
 19 files changed, 217 insertions(+), 209 deletions(-)

diff --git a/man2/arch_prctl.2 b/man2/arch_prctl.2
index bbb85866c..680d36395 100644
--- a/man2/arch_prctl.2
+++ b/man2/arch_prctl.2
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ .SH SYNOPSIS
 .BR "#include <sys/syscall.h>" "      /* Definition of " SYS_* " constants */"
 .B #include <unistd.h>
 .P
-.BI "int syscall(SYS_arch_prctl, int " code ", unsigned long " addr );
-.BI "int syscall(SYS_arch_prctl, int " code ", unsigned long *" addr );
+.BI "int syscall(SYS_arch_prctl, int " op ", unsigned long " addr );
+.BI "int syscall(SYS_arch_prctl, int " op ", unsigned long *" addr );
 .fi
 .P
 .IR Note :
@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ .SH SYNOPSIS
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 .BR arch_prctl ()
 sets architecture-specific process or thread state.
-.I code
-selects a subfunction
+.I op
+selects an operation
 and passes argument
 .I addr
 to it;
@@ -120,8 +120,8 @@ .SH ERRORS
 points to an unmapped address or is outside the process address space.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I code
-is not a valid subcommand.
+.I op
+is not a valid operation.
 .TP
 .B ENODEV
 .B ARCH_SET_CPUID
diff --git a/man2/epoll_wait.2 b/man2/epoll_wait.2
index 2a0ad6364..20af75075 100644
--- a/man2/epoll_wait.2
+++ b/man2/epoll_wait.2
@@ -173,8 +173,8 @@ .SS epoll_pwait2()
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 On success,
 .BR epoll_wait ()
-returns the number of file descriptors ready for the requested I/O, or zero
-if no file descriptor became ready during the requested
+returns the number of file descriptors ready for the requested I/O operation,
+or zero if no file descriptor became ready during the requested
 .I timeout
 milliseconds.
 On failure,
diff --git a/man2/fcntl.2 b/man2/fcntl.2
index 4973ab028..1f9b2d430 100644
--- a/man2/fcntl.2
+++ b/man2/fcntl.2
@@ -54,21 +54,21 @@ .SH SYNOPSIS
 .nf
 .B #include <fcntl.h>
 .P
-.BI "int fcntl(int " fd ", int " cmd ", ... /* " arg " */ );"
+.BI "int fcntl(int " fd ", int " op ", ... /* " arg " */ );"
 .fi
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 .BR fcntl ()
 performs one of the operations described below on the open file descriptor
 .IR fd .
 The operation is determined by
-.IR cmd .
+.IR op .
 .P
 .BR fcntl ()
 can take an optional third argument.
 Whether or not this argument is required is determined by
-.IR cmd .
+.IR op .
 The required argument type is indicated in parentheses after each
-.I cmd
+.I op
 name (in most cases, the required type is
 .IR int ,
 and we identify the argument using the name
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 a particular operation is to invoke
 .BR fcntl ()
 with the desired
-.I cmd
+.I op
 value and then test whether the call failed with
 .BR EINVAL ,
 indicating that the kernel does not recognize this value.
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ .SS Duplicating a file descriptor
 in
 .BR open (2).
 .SS File descriptor flags
-The following commands manipulate the flags associated with
+The following operations manipulate the flags associated with
 a file descriptor.
 Currently, only one such flag is defined:
 .BR FD_CLOEXEC ,
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ .SS File status flags
 in
 .I arg
 are ignored.
-On Linux, this command can change only the
+On Linux, this operation can change only the
 .BR O_APPEND ,
 .BR O_ASYNC ,
 .BR O_DIRECT ,
@@ -529,9 +529,9 @@ .SS Open file description locks (non-POSIX)
 By contrast with traditional record locks, the
 .I l_pid
 field of that structure must be set to zero
-when using the commands described below.
+when using the operations described below.
 .P
-The commands for working with open file description locks are analogous
+The operations for working with open file description locks are analogous
 to those used with traditional locks:
 .TP
 .BR F_OFD_SETLK " (\fIstruct flock *\fP)"
@@ -722,7 +722,7 @@ .SS Managing signals
 This is done by using the
 .BR fcntl ()
 .B F_SETFL
-command to set the
+operation to set the
 .B O_ASYNC
 file status flag on the file descriptor.
 Subsequently, a
@@ -732,7 +732,7 @@ .SS Managing signals
 The
 .BR fcntl ()
 .B F_SETSIG
-command can be used to obtain delivery of a signal other than
+operation can be used to obtain delivery of a signal other than
 .BR SIGIO .
 .IP
 Sending a signal to the owner process (group) specified by
@@ -1120,7 +1120,7 @@ .SS Leases
 then either remove or downgrade its lease.
 A lease is removed by performing an
 .B F_SETLEASE
-command specifying
+operation specifying
 .I arg
 as
 .BR F_UNLCK .
@@ -1130,7 +1130,7 @@ .SS Leases
 the lease to a read lease.
 This is done by performing an
 .B F_SETLEASE
-command specifying
+operation specifying
 .I arg
 as
 .BR F_RDLCK .
@@ -1179,11 +1179,11 @@ .SS Leases
 .BR SIGIO ,
 but this can be changed using the
 .B F_SETSIG
-command to
+operation to
 .BR fcntl ().
 If a
 .B F_SETSIG
-command is performed (even one specifying
+operation is performed (even one specifying
 .BR SIGIO ),
 and the signal
 handler is established using
@@ -1289,7 +1289,7 @@ .SS File and directory change notification (dnotify)
 .BR SIGIO ,
 but this can be changed using the
 .B F_SETSIG
-command to
+operation to
 .BR fcntl ().
 (Note that
 .B SIGIO
@@ -1639,7 +1639,7 @@ .SH RETURN VALUE
 for the inode referred to by
 .IR fd .
 .TP
-All other commands
+All other operations
 Zero.
 .P
 On error, \-1 is returned, and
@@ -1659,7 +1659,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 is not an open file descriptor
 .TP
 .B EBADF
-.I cmd
+.I op
 is
 .B F_SETLK
 or
@@ -1668,7 +1668,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 type of lock requested.
 .TP
 .B EBUSY
-.I cmd
+.I op
 is
 .B F_SETPIPE_SZ
 and the new pipe capacity specified in
@@ -1677,7 +1677,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 used to store data in the pipe.
 .TP
 .B EBUSY
-.I cmd
+.I op
 is
 .BR F_ADD_SEALS ,
 .I arg
@@ -1689,14 +1689,14 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .B EDEADLK
 It was detected that the specified
 .B F_SETLKW
-command would cause a deadlock.
+operation would cause a deadlock.
 .TP
 .B EFAULT
 .I lock
 is outside your accessible address space.
 .TP
 .B EINTR
-.I cmd
+.I op
 is
 .B F_SETLKW
 or
@@ -1705,7 +1705,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .BR signal (7).
 .TP
 .B EINTR
-.I cmd
+.I op
 is
 .BR F_GETLK ,
 .BR F_SETLK ,
@@ -1719,11 +1719,11 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
 The value specified in
-.I cmd
+.I op
 is not recognized by this kernel.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I cmd
+.I op
 is
 .B F_ADD_SEALS
 and
@@ -1731,7 +1731,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 includes an unrecognized sealing bit.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I cmd
+.I op
 is
 .B F_ADD_SEALS
 or
@@ -1741,7 +1741,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 does not support sealing.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I cmd
+.I op
 is
 .B F_DUPFD
 and
@@ -1753,7 +1753,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .BR getrlimit (2)).
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I cmd
+.I op
 is
 .B F_SETSIG
 and
@@ -1761,7 +1761,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 is not an allowable signal number.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I cmd
+.I op
 is
 .BR F_OFD_SETLK ,
 .BR F_OFD_SETLKW ,
@@ -1772,7 +1772,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 was not specified as zero.
 .TP
 .B EMFILE
-.I cmd
+.I op
 is
 .B F_DUPFD
 and the per-process limit on the number of open file descriptors
@@ -1785,13 +1785,13 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .B ENOTDIR
 .B F_NOTIFY
 was specified in
-.IR cmd ,
+.IR op ,
 but
 .I fd
 does not refer to a directory.
 .TP
 .B EPERM
-.I cmd
+.I op
 is
 .B F_SETPIPE_SZ
 and the soft or hard user pipe limit has been reached; see
@@ -1803,7 +1803,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 flag on a file that has the append-only attribute set.
 .TP
 .B EPERM
-.I cmd
+.I op
 was
 .BR F_ADD_SEALS ,
 but
@@ -1897,7 +1897,7 @@ .SS File locking
 system call was added in Linux 2.4.
 The newer system call employs a different structure for file locking,
 .IR flock64 ,
-and corresponding commands,
+and corresponding operations,
 .BR F_GETLK64 ,
 .BR F_SETLK64 ,
 and
@@ -1940,7 +1940,7 @@ .SS Record locks
 system call was added in Linux 2.4.
 The newer system call employs a different structure for file locking,
 .IR flock64 ,
-and corresponding commands,
+and corresponding operations,
 .BR F_GETLK64 ,
 .BR F_SETLK64 ,
 and
diff --git a/man2/flock.2 b/man2/flock.2
index 279c983ad..9c8f5b3b7 100644
--- a/man2/flock.2
+++ b/man2/flock.2
@@ -22,13 +22,13 @@ .SH SYNOPSIS
 .nf
 .B #include <sys/file.h>
 .P
-.BI "int flock(int " fd ", int " operation );
+.BI "int flock(int " fd ", int " op );
 .fi
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 Apply or remove an advisory lock on the open file specified by
 .IR fd .
 The argument
-.I operation
+.I op
 is one of the following:
 .RS 4
 .TP 9
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .BR signal (7).
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I operation
+.I op
 is invalid.
 .TP
 .B ENOLCK
diff --git a/man2/ioctl.2 b/man2/ioctl.2
index c10a5e2ec..5b8c28a9c 100644
--- a/man2/ioctl.2
+++ b/man2/ioctl.2
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ .SH SYNOPSIS
 .nf
 .B #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 .P
-.BI "int ioctl(int " fd ", unsigned long " request ", ...);" "\f[R]  /* glibc, BSD */\f[]"
-.BI "int ioctl(int " fd ", int " request ", ...);" "\f[R]            /* musl, other UNIX */\f[]"
+.BI "int ioctl(int " fd ", unsigned long " op ", ...);" "\f[R]  /* glibc, BSD */\f[]"
+.BI "int ioctl(int " fd ", int " op ", ...);" "\f[R]            /* musl, other UNIX */\f[]"
 .fi
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 The
@@ -30,12 +30,12 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 In particular, many operating characteristics of character special files
 (e.g., terminals) may be controlled with
 .BR ioctl ()
-requests.
+operations.
 The argument
 .I fd
 must be an open file descriptor.
 .P
-The second argument is a device-dependent request code.
+The second argument is a device-dependent operation code.
 The third argument is an untyped pointer to memory.
 It's traditionally
 .BI "char *" argp
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 .P
 An
 .BR ioctl ()
-.I request
+.I op
 has encoded in it whether the argument is an
 .I in
 parameter or
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 in bytes.
 Macros and defines used in specifying an
 .BR ioctl ()
-.I request
+.I op
 are located in the file
 .IR <sys/ioctl.h> .
 See NOTES.
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ .SH RETURN VALUE
 Usually, on success zero is returned.
 A few
 .BR ioctl ()
-requests use the return value as an output parameter
+operations use the return value as an output parameter
 and return a nonnegative value on success.
 On error, \-1 is returned, and
 .I errno
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 references an inaccessible memory area.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I request
+.I op
 or
 .I argp
 is not valid.
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 is not associated with a character special device.
 .TP
 .B ENOTTY
-The specified request does not apply to the kind of object that the
+The specified operation does not apply to the kind of object that the
 file descriptor
 .I fd
 references.
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ .SH HISTORY
 .PD 0
 .in +4n
 .nf
-.BI "ioctl(int " fildes ", int " request ", struct sgttyb *" argp );
+.BI "ioctl(int " fildes ", int " op ", struct sgttyb *" argp );
 .fi
 .in
 .P
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ .SH HISTORY
 .BR stty (2)
 and
 .BR gtty (2),
-and is polymorphic by request type (like a
+and is polymorphic by operation type (like a
 .B void *
 would be, if it had been available)).
 .P
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ .SH HISTORY
 .PD 0
 .in +4n
 .nf
-.BI "ioctl(int " d ", unsigned long " request ", char *" argp );
+.BI "ioctl(int " d ", unsigned long " op ", char *" argp );
 .fi
 .in
 .P
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ .SH HISTORY
 .PD 0
 .in +4n
 .nf
-.BI "int ioctl(int " fildes ", int " request ", ... /* " arg " */);"
+.BI "int ioctl(int " fildes ", int " op ", ... /* " arg " */);"
 .fi
 .in
 .P
@@ -159,7 +159,9 @@ .SH NOTES
 .\"
 .SS ioctl structure
 .\" added two sections - aeb
-Ioctl command values are 32-bit constants.
+Ioctl
+.I op
+values are 32-bit constants.
 In principle these constants are completely arbitrary, but people have
 tried to build some structure into them.
 .P
diff --git a/man2/ioctl_console.2 b/man2/ioctl_console.2
index abc50b786..93a992264 100644
--- a/man2/ioctl_console.2
+++ b/man2/ioctl_console.2
@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@ .SH NAME
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 The following Linux-specific
 .BR ioctl (2)
-requests are supported for console terminals and virtual consoles.
-Each requires a third argument, assumed here to be
+operations are supported for console terminals and virtual consoles.
+Each operation requires a third argument, assumed here to be
 .IR argp .
 .TP
 .B KDGETLED
@@ -546,7 +546,7 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 struct vt_mode {
     char  mode;    /* vt mode */
     char  waitv;   /* if set, hang on writes if not active */
-    short relsig;  /* signal to raise on release req */
+    short relsig;  /* signal to raise on release op */
     short acqsig;  /* signal to raise on acquisition */
     short frsig;   /* unused (set to 0) */
 };
@@ -861,7 +861,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .TP
 .B ENOTTY
 The file descriptor is not associated with a character special device,
-or the specified request does not apply to it.
+or the specified operation does not apply to it.
 .TP
 .B EPERM
 Insufficient permission.
diff --git a/man2/ioctl_fideduperange.2 b/man2/ioctl_fideduperange.2
index 8f43a28cc..1942c8fd0 100644
--- a/man2/ioctl_fideduperange.2
+++ b/man2/ioctl_fideduperange.2
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 and a status code for the deduplication operation is returned in
 .IR status .
 If even a single byte in the range does not match, the deduplication
-request will be ignored and
+operation request will be ignored and
 .I status
 set to
 .BR FILE_DEDUPE_RANGE_DIFFERS .
diff --git a/man2/ioctl_getfsmap.2 b/man2/ioctl_getfsmap.2
index 0b0546743..fa9d91894 100644
--- a/man2/ioctl_getfsmap.2
+++ b/man2/ioctl_getfsmap.2
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ .SS Keys
 .I fsmap_head.fmh_keys[0]
 must contain the low key and
 .I fsmap_head.fmh_keys[1]
-must contain the high key for the request.
+must contain the high key for the operation.
 .P
 For convenience, if
 .I fmr_length
@@ -328,10 +328,10 @@ .SH ERRORS
 was passed in one of the fields that must be zero.
 .TP
 .B ENOMEM
-Insufficient memory to process the request.
+Insufficient memory to process the operation.
 .TP
 .B EOPNOTSUPP
-The filesystem does not support this command.
+The filesystem does not support this operation.
 .TP
 .B EUCLEAN
 The filesystem metadata is corrupt and needs repair.
diff --git a/man2/ioctl_ns.2 b/man2/ioctl_ns.2
index 61a1afe65..958a686b0 100644
--- a/man2/ioctl_ns.2
+++ b/man2/ioctl_ns.2
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ .SS Discovering namespace relationships
 .P
 .in +4n
 .EX
-new_fd = ioctl(fd, request);
+new_fd = ioctl(fd, op);
 .EE
 .in
 .P
diff --git a/man2/ioctl_tty.2 b/man2/ioctl_tty.2
index 9f198b1d8..c458933a2 100644
--- a/man2/ioctl_tty.2
+++ b/man2/ioctl_tty.2
@@ -18,12 +18,12 @@ .SH SYNOPSIS
 .BR    "                               Bnnn" ", " BOTHER ", " CBAUD ", " CLOCAL ,
 .BR    "                               TC*" { FLUSH , ON , OFF "} and other constants */"
 .P
-.BI "int ioctl(int " fd ", int " cmd ", ...);"
+.BI "int ioctl(int " fd ", int " op ", ...);"
 .fi
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 The
 .BR ioctl (2)
-call for terminals and serial ports accepts many possible command arguments.
+call for terminals and serial ports accepts many possible operation arguments.
 Most require a third argument, of varying type, here called
 .I argp
 or
@@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ .SS Kernel debugging
 .I tty_struct
 corresponding to
 .IR fd .
-This command was removed in Linux 2.5.67.
+This operation was removed in Linux 2.5.67.
 .\"     commit b3506a09d15dc5aee6d4bb88d759b157016e1864
 .\"     Author: Andries E. Brouwer <andries.brouwer@cwi.nl>
 .\"     Date:   Tue Apr 1 04:42:46 2003 -0800
@@ -764,10 +764,10 @@ .SH RETURN VALUE
 .SH ERRORS
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-Invalid command parameter.
+Invalid operation parameter.
 .TP
 .B ENOIOCTLCMD
-Unknown command.
+Unknown operation.
 .TP
 .B ENOTTY
 Inappropriate
diff --git a/man2/ioctl_userfaultfd.2 b/man2/ioctl_userfaultfd.2
index a2380a670..cbd0c7978 100644
--- a/man2/ioctl_userfaultfd.2
+++ b/man2/ioctl_userfaultfd.2
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ .SH SYNOPSIS
 .BR "#include <linux/userfaultfd.h>" "  /* Definition of " UFFD* " constants */"
 .B #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 .P
-.BI "int ioctl(int " fd ", int " cmd ", ...);"
+.BI "int ioctl(int " fd ", int " op ", ...);"
 .fi
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 Various
@@ -28,18 +28,18 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 .P
 .in +4n
 .EX
-ioctl(fd, cmd, argp);
+ioctl(fd, op, argp);
 .EE
 .in
 .P
 In the above,
 .I fd
 is a file descriptor referring to a userfaultfd object,
-.I cmd
-is one of the commands listed below, and
+.I op
+is one of the operations listed below, and
 .I argp
 is a pointer to a data structure that is specific to
-.IR cmd .
+.IR op .
 .P
 The various
 .BR ioctl (2)
diff --git a/man2/msgctl.2 b/man2/msgctl.2
index 3e69eb600..70f4d1cf8 100644
--- a/man2/msgctl.2
+++ b/man2/msgctl.2
@@ -26,12 +26,12 @@ .SH SYNOPSIS
 .nf
 .B #include <sys/msg.h>
 .P
-.BI "int msgctl(int " msqid ", int " cmd ", struct msqid_ds *" buf );
+.BI "int msgctl(int " msqid ", int " op ", struct msqid_ds *" buf );
 .fi
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 .BR msgctl ()
 performs the control operation specified by
-.I cmd
+.I op
 on the System\ V message queue with identifier
 .IR msqid .
 .P
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 Bits 0100, 0010, and 0001 (the execute bits) are unused by the system.
 .P
 Valid values for
-.I cmd
+.I op
 are:
 .TP
 .B IPC_STAT
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .TP
 .B EACCES
 The argument
-.I cmd
+.I op
 is equal to
 .B IPC_STAT
 or
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .TP
 .B EFAULT
 The argument
-.I cmd
+.I op
 has the value
 .B IPC_SET
 or
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
 Invalid value for
-.I cmd
+.I op
 or
 .IR msqid .
 Or: for a
@@ -358,7 +358,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .TP
 .B EPERM
 The argument
-.I cmd
+.I op
 has the value
 .B IPC_SET
 or
@@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ .SH HISTORY
 (The kernel distinguishes old and new calls by an
 .B IPC_64
 flag in
-.IR cmd .)
+.IR op .)
 .SH NOTES
 The
 .BR IPC_INFO ,
diff --git a/man2/prctl.2 b/man2/prctl.2
index 31da22369..fad855832 100644
--- a/man2/prctl.2
+++ b/man2/prctl.2
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ .SH SYNOPSIS
 .nf
 .B #include <sys/prctl.h>
 .P
-.BI "int prctl(int " operation ", ..."
+.BI "int prctl(int " op ", ..."
 .BI "          \fR/*\fP unsigned long " arg2 ", unsigned long " arg3 ,
 .BI "          unsigned long " arg4 ", unsigned long " arg5 " \fR*/\fP );"
 .fi
@@ -2096,7 +2096,7 @@ .SH RETURN VALUE
 .B PR_GET_SECCOMP
 return the nonnegative values described above.
 All other
-.I operation
+.I op
 values return 0 on success.
 On error, \-1 is returned, and
 .I errno
@@ -2104,7 +2104,7 @@ .SH RETURN VALUE
 .SH ERRORS
 .TP
 .B EACCES
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .B PR_SET_SECCOMP
 and
@@ -2120,7 +2120,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 above).
 .TP
 .B EACCES
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .BR PR_SET_MM ,
 and
@@ -2130,7 +2130,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 the file is not executable.
 .TP
 .B EBADF
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .BR PR_SET_MM ,
 .I arg3
@@ -2141,7 +2141,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 is not valid.
 .TP
 .B EBUSY
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .BR PR_SET_MM ,
 .I arg3
@@ -2156,7 +2156,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 is an invalid address.
 .TP
 .B EFAULT
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .BR PR_SET_SECCOMP ,
 .I arg2
@@ -2169,7 +2169,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 is an invalid address.
 .TP
 .B EFAULT
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .B PR_SET_SYSCALL_USER_DISPATCH
 and
@@ -2178,12 +2178,12 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
 The value of
-.I operation
+.I op
 is not recognized,
 or not supported on this system.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .B PR_MCE_KILL
 or
@@ -2197,10 +2197,10 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .B EINVAL
 .I arg2
 is not valid value for this
-.IR operation .
+.IR op .
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .B PR_SET_SECCOMP
 or
@@ -2209,7 +2209,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .BR CONFIG_SECCOMP .
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .BR PR_SET_SECCOMP ,
 .I arg2
@@ -2219,7 +2219,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .BR CONFIG_SECCOMP_FILTER .
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .BR PR_SET_MM ,
 and one of the following is true
@@ -2259,7 +2259,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .RE
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .B PR_SET_PTRACER
 and
@@ -2269,7 +2269,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 or the PID of an existing process.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .B PR_SET_PDEATHSIG
 and
@@ -2277,7 +2277,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 is not a valid signal number.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .B PR_SET_DUMPABLE
 and
@@ -2288,7 +2288,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .BR SUID_DUMP_USER .
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .B PR_SET_TIMING
 and
@@ -2297,7 +2297,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .BR PR_TIMING_STATISTICAL .
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .B PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS
 and
@@ -2311,7 +2311,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 is nonzero.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .B PR_GET_NO_NEW_PRIVS
 and
@@ -2323,7 +2323,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 is nonzero.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .B PR_SET_THP_DISABLE
 and
@@ -2334,7 +2334,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 is nonzero.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .B PR_GET_THP_DISABLE
 and
@@ -2346,7 +2346,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 is nonzero.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .B PR_CAP_AMBIENT
 and an unused argument
@@ -2371,7 +2371,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 does not specify a valid capability.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I operation
+.I op
 was
 .B PR_GET_SPECULATION_CTRL
 or
@@ -2381,7 +2381,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 are not 0.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .B PR_PAC_RESET_KEYS
 and the arguments are invalid or unsupported.
@@ -2390,7 +2390,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 above for details.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .B PR_SVE_SET_VL
 and the arguments are invalid or unsupported,
@@ -2400,13 +2400,13 @@ .SH ERRORS
 above for details.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .B PR_SVE_GET_VL
 and SVE is not available on this platform.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .B PR_SET_SYSCALL_USER_DISPATCH
 and one of the following is true:
@@ -2428,7 +2428,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .RE
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .B PR_SET_TAGGED_ADDR_CTRL
 and the arguments are invalid or unsupported.
@@ -2437,7 +2437,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 above for details.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .B PR_GET_TAGGED_ADDR_CTRL
 and the arguments are invalid or unsupported.
@@ -2446,13 +2446,13 @@ .SH ERRORS
 above for details.
 .TP
 .B ENODEV
-.I operation
+.I op
 was
 .B PR_SET_SPECULATION_CTRL
 the kernel or CPU does not support the requested speculation misfeature.
 .TP
 .B ENXIO
-.I operation
+.I op
 was
 .B PR_MPX_ENABLE_MANAGEMENT
 or
@@ -2461,7 +2461,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 Check that the kernel and processor have MPX support.
 .TP
 .B ENXIO
-.I operation
+.I op
 was
 .B PR_SET_SPECULATION_CTRL
 implies that the control of the selected speculation misfeature is not possible.
@@ -2470,7 +2470,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 for the bit fields to determine which option is available.
 .TP
 .B EOPNOTSUPP
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .B PR_SET_FP_MODE
 and
@@ -2478,7 +2478,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 has an invalid or unsupported value.
 .TP
 .B EPERM
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .BR PR_SET_SECUREBITS ,
 and the caller does not have the
@@ -2490,7 +2490,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .BR capabilities (7)).
 .TP
 .B EPERM
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .B PR_SET_SPECULATION_CTRL
 wherein the speculation was disabled with
@@ -2498,7 +2498,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 and caller tried to enable it again.
 .TP
 .B EPERM
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .BR PR_SET_KEEPCAPS ,
 and the caller's
@@ -2508,7 +2508,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .BR capabilities (7)).
 .TP
 .B EPERM
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .BR PR_CAPBSET_DROP ,
 and the caller does not have the
@@ -2516,7 +2516,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 capability.
 .TP
 .B EPERM
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .BR PR_SET_MM ,
 and the caller does not have the
@@ -2524,7 +2524,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 capability.
 .TP
 .B EPERM
-.I operation
+.I op
 is
 .B PR_CAP_AMBIENT
 and
@@ -2539,7 +2539,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 securebit has been set.
 .TP
 .B ERANGE
-.I operation
+.I op
 was
 .B PR_SET_SPECULATION_CTRL
 and
@@ -2559,7 +2559,7 @@ .SH VERSIONS
 .P
 .in +4n
 .EX
-.BI "ptrdiff_t prctl(int " operation ", int " arg2 ", int " arg3 );
+.BI "ptrdiff_t prctl(int " op ", int " arg2 ", int " arg3 );
 .EE
 .in
 .P
diff --git a/man2/ptrace.2 b/man2/ptrace.2
index 73afd3174..c6487656c 100644
--- a/man2/ptrace.2
+++ b/man2/ptrace.2
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ .SH SYNOPSIS
 .nf
 .B #include <sys/ptrace.h>
 .P
-.BI "long ptrace(enum __ptrace_request " request ", pid_t " pid ,
+.BI "long ptrace(enum __ptrace_request " op ", pid_t " pid ,
 .BI "            void *" addr ", void *" data );
 .fi
 .SH DESCRIPTION
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 value containing information that indicates
 the cause of the stop in the tracee.
 While the tracee is stopped,
-the tracer can use various ptrace requests to inspect and modify the tracee.
+the tracer can use various ptrace operations to inspect and modify the tracee.
 The tracer then causes the tracee to continue,
 optionally ignoring the delivered signal
 (or even delivering a different signal instead).
@@ -175,12 +175,12 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 .BR PTRACE_DETACH .
 .P
 The value of
-.I request
-determines the action to be performed:
+.I op
+determines the operation to be performed:
 .TP
 .B PTRACE_TRACEME
 Indicate that this process is to be traced by its parent.
-A process probably shouldn't make this request if its parent
+A process probably shouldn't make this operation if its parent
 isn't expecting to trace it.
 .RI ( pid ,
 .IR addr ,
@@ -190,12 +190,12 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 .IP
 The
 .B PTRACE_TRACEME
-request is used only by the tracee;
-the remaining requests are used only by the tracer.
-In the following requests,
+operation is used only by the tracee;
+the remaining operations are used only by the tracer.
+In the following operations,
 .I pid
 specifies the thread ID of the tracee to be acted on.
-For requests other than
+For operations other than
 .BR PTRACE_ATTACH ,
 .BR PTRACE_SEIZE ,
 .BR PTRACE_INTERRUPT ,
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 .BR ptrace ()
 call.
 Linux does not have separate text and data address spaces,
-so these two requests are currently equivalent.
+so these two operations are currently equivalent.
 .RI ( data
 is ignored; but see NOTES.)
 .TP
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 .B PTRACE_PEEKTEXT
 and
 .BR PTRACE_PEEKDATA ,
-these two requests are currently equivalent.
+these two operations are currently equivalent.
 .TP
 .B PTRACE_POKEUSER
 .\" PTRACE_POKEUSR in kernel source, but glibc uses PTRACE_POKEUSER,
@@ -740,7 +740,7 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 The
 .I addr
 argument is ignored.
-This request is currently
+This operation is currently
 .\" As of 4.19-rc2
 supported only on arm (and arm64, though only for backwards compatibility),
 .\" commit 27aa55c5e5123fa8b8ad0156559d34d7edff58ca
@@ -770,7 +770,7 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 The
 .I addr
 argument is ignored.
-These requests are currently
+These operations are currently
 .\" As at 3.7
 supported only on x86.
 .TP
@@ -1211,7 +1211,7 @@ .SS Death under ptrace
 .I waitpid(WNOHANG)
 may return 0 instead.
 In other words, the tracee may be "not yet fully dead",
-but already refusing ptrace requests.
+but already refusing ptrace operations.
 .P
 The tracer can't assume that the tracee
 .I always
@@ -1355,7 +1355,7 @@ .SS Signal-delivery-stop
 At this point, the signal is not yet delivered to the process,
 and can be suppressed by the tracer.
 If the tracer doesn't suppress the signal,
-it passes the signal to the tracee in the next ptrace restart request.
+it passes the signal to the tracee in the next ptrace restart operation.
 This second step of signal delivery is called
 .I "signal injection"
 in this manual page.
@@ -1390,7 +1390,7 @@ .SS Signal injection and suppression
 .P
 where
 .B PTRACE_restart
-is one of the restarting ptrace requests.
+is one of the restarting ptrace operations.
 If
 .I sig
 is 0, then a signal is not delivered.
@@ -1434,7 +1434,7 @@ .SS Signal injection and suppression
 .BR tgkill (2)
 instead.
 .P
-The fact that signal injection requests may be ignored
+The fact that signal injection operations may be ignored
 when restarting the tracee after
 ptrace stops that are not signal-delivery-stops
 is a cause of confusion among ptrace users.
@@ -1798,7 +1798,7 @@ .SS Syscall-stops
 etc.),
 expiration of a POSIX timer,
 change of state on a POSIX message queue,
-or completion of an asynchronous I/O request.
+or completion of an asynchronous I/O operation.
 .TP
 .IR si_code " == SI_KERNEL (0x80)"
 .B SIGTRAP
@@ -2097,7 +2097,7 @@ .SS Attaching and detaching
 .B PTRACE_INTERRUPT
 command.
 .P
-The request
+The operation
 .P
 .in +4n
 .EX
@@ -2385,21 +2385,21 @@ .SS Real parent
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 On success, the
 .B PTRACE_PEEK*
-requests return the requested data (but see NOTES),
+operations return the requested data (but see NOTES),
 the
 .B PTRACE_SECCOMP_GET_FILTER
-request returns the number of instructions in the BPF program,
+operation returns the number of instructions in the BPF program,
 the
 .B PTRACE_GET_SYSCALL_INFO
-request returns the number of bytes available to be written by the kernel,
-and other requests return zero.
+operation returns the number of bytes available to be written by the kernel,
+and other operations return zero.
 .P
-On error, all requests return \-1, and
+On error, all operations return \-1, and
 .I errno
 is set to indicate the error.
 Since the value returned by a successful
 .B PTRACE_PEEK*
-request may be \-1, the caller must clear
+operation may be \-1, the caller must clear
 .I errno
 before the call, and then check it afterward
 to determine whether or not an error occurred.
@@ -2423,11 +2423,11 @@ .SH ERRORS
 An attempt was made to set an invalid option.
 .TP
 .B EIO
-.I request
+.I op
 is invalid, or an attempt was made to read from or
 write to an invalid area in the tracer's or the tracee's memory,
 or there was a word-alignment violation,
-or an invalid signal was specified during a restart request.
+or an invalid signal was specified during a restart operation.
 .TP
 .B EPERM
 The specified process cannot be traced.
@@ -2445,7 +2445,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .B ESRCH
 The specified process does not exist, or is not currently being traced
 by the caller, or is not stopped
-(for requests that require a stopped tracee).
+(for operations that require a stopped tracee).
 .SH STANDARDS
 None.
 .SH HISTORY
@@ -2462,7 +2462,7 @@ .SH NOTES
 glibc currently declares
 .BR ptrace ()
 as a variadic function with only the
-.I request
+.I op
 argument fixed.
 It is recommended to always supply four arguments,
 even if the requested operation does not use them,
@@ -2829,7 +2829,7 @@ .SS C library/kernel differences
 .BR PTRACE_PEEKDATA ,
 and
 .B PTRACE_PEEKUSER
-requests have a different API: they store the result
+operations have a different API: they store the result
 at the address specified by the
 .I data
 parameter, and the return value is the error flag.
diff --git a/man2/quotactl.2 b/man2/quotactl.2
index d7ec80e7b..3807507e8 100644
--- a/man2/quotactl.2
+++ b/man2/quotactl.2
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ .SH SYNOPSIS
 " constants"
 .RB    "                        (or " <linux/dqblk_xfs.h> "; see NOTES) */"
 .P
-.BI "int quotactl(int " cmd ", const char *_Nullable " special ", int " id ,
+.BI "int quotactl(int " op ", const char *_Nullable " special ", int " id ,
 .BI "             caddr_t " addr );
 .fi
 .SH DESCRIPTION
@@ -35,14 +35,14 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 .BR quotactl ()
 call manipulates disk quotas.
 The
-.I cmd
-argument indicates a command to be applied to the user or
+.I op
+argument indicates an operation to be applied to the user or
 group ID specified in
 .IR id .
 To initialize the
-.I cmd
+.I op
 argument, use the
-.I QCMD(subcmd, type)
+.I QCMD(subop, type)
 macro.
 The
 .I type
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 .BR PRJQUOTA ,
 for project quotas.
 The
-.I subcmd
+.I subop
 value is described below.
 .P
 The
@@ -65,14 +65,14 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 .P
 The
 .I addr
-argument is the address of an optional, command-specific, data structure
+argument is the address of an optional, operation-specific, data structure
 that is copied in or out of the system.
 The interpretation of
 .I addr
 is given with each operation below.
 .P
 The
-.I subcmd
+.I subop
 value is one of the following operations:
 .TP
 .B Q_QUOTAON
@@ -649,7 +649,7 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 which identify what types of quota
 should be removed.
 (Note that the quota type passed in the
-.I cmd
+.I op
 argument is ignored, but should remain valid in order to pass preliminary
 quotactl syscall handler checks.)
 .IP
@@ -681,7 +681,7 @@ .SH RETURN VALUE
 .SH ERRORS
 .TP
 .B EACCES
-.I cmd
+.I op
 is
 .BR Q_QUOTAON ,
 and the quota file pointed to by
@@ -691,7 +691,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .IR special .
 .TP
 .B EBUSY
-.I cmd
+.I op
 is
 .BR Q_QUOTAON ,
 but another
@@ -705,20 +705,20 @@ .SH ERRORS
 is invalid.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I cmd
+.I op
 or
 .I type
 is invalid.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I cmd
+.I op
 is
 .BR Q_QUOTAON ,
 but the specified quota file is corrupted.
 .TP
 .BR EINVAL " (since Linux 5.5)"
 .\" 3dd4d40b420846dd35869ccc8f8627feef2cff32
-.I cmd
+.I op
 is
 .BR Q_XQUOTARM ,
 but
@@ -747,7 +747,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 for the specified operation.
 .TP
 .B ERANGE
-.I cmd
+.I op
 is
 .BR Q_SETQUOTA ,
 but the specified limits are out of the range allowed by the quota format.
@@ -757,13 +757,13 @@ .SH ERRORS
 Quotas have not been turned on for this filesystem.
 .TP
 .B ESRCH
-.I cmd
+.I op
 is
 .BR Q_QUOTAON ,
 but the specified quota format was not found.
 .TP
 .B ESRCH
-.I cmd
+.I op
 is
 .B Q_GETNEXTQUOTA
 or
diff --git a/man2/reboot.2 b/man2/reboot.2
index e00ef20eb..6d106e3dc 100644
--- a/man2/reboot.2
+++ b/man2/reboot.2
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ .SH SYNOPSIS
 .BR "#include <sys/syscall.h>   " "/* Definition of " SYS_* " constants */"
 .B #include <unistd.h>
 .P
-.BI "int syscall(SYS_reboot, int " magic ", int " magic2 ", int " cmd ", void *" arg );
+.BI "int syscall(SYS_reboot, int " magic ", int " magic2 ", int " op ", void *" arg );
 .P
 /* Under glibc and most alternative libc's (including uclibc, dietlibc,
    musl and a few others), some of the constants involved have gotten
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ .SH SYNOPSIS
 .BR "#include <sys/reboot.h>    " "/* Definition of " RB_* " constants */"
 .B #include <unistd.h>
 .P
-.BI "int reboot(int " cmd );
+.BI "int reboot(int " op );
 .fi
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 The
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 (The hexadecimal values of these constants are meaningful.)
 .P
 The
-.I cmd
+.I op
 argument can have the following values:
 .TP
 .B LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_CAD_OFF
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ .SS Behavior inside PID namespaces
 is called
 from a PID namespace other than the initial PID namespace
 with one of the
-.I cmd
+.I op
 values listed below,
 it performs a "reboot" of that namespace:
 the "init" process of the PID namespace is immediately terminated,
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ .SS Behavior inside PID namespaces
 .BR pid_namespaces (7).
 .P
 The values that can be supplied in
-.I cmd
+.I op
 when calling
 .BR reboot ()
 in this case are as follows:
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ .SS Behavior inside PID namespaces
 signal.
 .P
 For the other
-.I cmd
+.I op
 values,
 .BR reboot ()
 returns \-1 and
@@ -200,13 +200,13 @@ .SS Behavior inside PID namespaces
 .BR EINVAL .
 .SH RETURN VALUE
 For the values of
-.I cmd
+.I op
 that stop or restart the system,
 a successful call to
 .BR reboot ()
 does not return.
 For the other
-.I cmd
+.I op
 values, zero is returned on success.
 In all cases, \-1 is returned on failure, and
 .I errno
@@ -218,7 +218,8 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .BR LINUX_REBOOT_CMD_RESTART2 .
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-Bad magic numbers or \fIcmd\fP.
+Bad magic numbers or
+.IR op .
 .TP
 .B EPERM
 The calling process has insufficient privilege to call
diff --git a/man2/semctl.2 b/man2/semctl.2
index 2dcb63559..243919c73 100644
--- a/man2/semctl.2
+++ b/man2/semctl.2
@@ -30,12 +30,12 @@ .SH SYNOPSIS
 .nf
 .B #include <sys/sem.h>
 .P
-.BI "int semctl(int " semid ", int " semnum ", int " cmd ", ...);"
+.BI "int semctl(int " semid ", int " semnum ", int " op ", ...);"
 .fi
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 .BR semctl ()
 performs the control operation specified by
-.I cmd
+.I op
 on the System\ V semaphore set identified by
 .IR semid ,
 or on the
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 (The semaphores in a set are numbered starting at 0.)
 .P
 This function has three or four arguments, depending on
-.IR cmd .
+.IR op .
 When there are four, the fourth has the type
 .IR "union semun" .
 The \fIcalling program\fP must define this union as follows:
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 Bits 0100, 0010, and 0001 (the execute bits) are unused by the system.
 .P
 Valid values for
-.I cmd
+.I op
 are:
 .TP
 .B IPC_STAT
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ .SH RETURN VALUE
 On success,
 .BR semctl ()
 returns a nonnegative value depending on
-.I cmd
+.I op
 as follows:
 .TP
 .B GETNCNT
@@ -422,7 +422,7 @@ .SH RETURN VALUE
 .BR SEM_STAT .
 .P
 All other
-.I cmd
+.I op
 values return 0 on success.
 .P
 On failure,
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .TP
 .B EACCES
 The argument
-.I cmd
+.I op
 has one of the values
 .BR GETALL ,
 .BR GETPID ,
@@ -464,7 +464,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
 Invalid value for
-.I cmd
+.I op
 or
 .IR semid .
 Or: for a
@@ -475,7 +475,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .TP
 .B EPERM
 The argument
-.I cmd
+.I op
 has the value
 .B IPC_SET
 or
@@ -493,7 +493,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .TP
 .B ERANGE
 The argument
-.I cmd
+.I op
 has the value
 .B SETALL
 or
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ .SH HISTORY
 (The kernel distinguishes old and new calls by an
 .B IPC_64
 flag in
-.IR cmd .)
+.IR op .)
 .P
 In some earlier versions of glibc, the
 .I semun
diff --git a/man2/shmctl.2 b/man2/shmctl.2
index d13240647..986268957 100644
--- a/man2/shmctl.2
+++ b/man2/shmctl.2
@@ -34,12 +34,12 @@ .SH SYNOPSIS
 .nf
 .B #include <sys/shm.h>
 .P
-.BI "int shmctl(int " shmid ", int " cmd ", struct shmid_ds *" buf );
+.BI "int shmctl(int " shmid ", int " op ", struct shmid_ds *" buf );
 .fi
 .SH DESCRIPTION
 .BR shmctl ()
 performs the control operation specified by
-.I cmd
+.I op
 on the System\ V shared memory segment whose identifier is given in
 .IR shmid .
 .P
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 flag.)
 .P
 Valid values for
-.I cmd
+.I op
 are:
 .TP
 .B IPC_STAT
@@ -309,7 +309,9 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 to obtain the same information).
 .P
 The caller can prevent or allow swapping of a shared
-memory segment with the following \fIcmd\fP values:
+memory segment with the following
+.I op
+values:
 .TP
 .BR SHM_LOCK " (Linux-specific)"
 Prevent swapping of the shared memory segment.
@@ -379,7 +381,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .TP
 .B EFAULT
 The argument
-.I cmd
+.I op
 has value
 .B IPC_SET
 or
@@ -392,8 +394,10 @@ .SH ERRORS
 \fIshmid\fP points to a removed identifier.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-\fIshmid\fP is not a valid identifier, or \fIcmd\fP
-is not a valid command.
+.I shmid
+is not a valid identifier, or
+.I op
+is not a valid operation.
 Or: for a
 .B SHM_STAT
 or
@@ -468,7 +472,7 @@ .SH HISTORY
 (The kernel distinguishes old and new calls by an
 .B IPC_64
 flag in
-.IR cmd .)
+.IR op .)
 .SH NOTES
 The
 .BR IPC_INFO ,
diff --git a/man3/lockf.3 b/man3/lockf.3
index accf8e771..7267587c4 100644
--- a/man3/lockf.3
+++ b/man3/lockf.3
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ .SH SYNOPSIS
 .nf
 .B #include <unistd.h>
 .P
-.BI "int lockf(int " fd ", int " cmd ", off_t " len );
+.BI "int lockf(int " fd ", int " op ", off_t " len );
 .fi
 .P
 .RS -4
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 The file is specified by
 .IR fd ,
 a file descriptor open for writing, the action by
-.IR cmd ,
+.IR op ,
 and the section consists of byte positions
 .IR pos .. pos + len \-1
 if
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .B EBADF
 .I fd
 is not an open file descriptor; or
-.I cmd
+.I op
 is
 .B F_LOCK
 or
@@ -128,7 +128,8 @@ .SH ERRORS
 is not a writable file descriptor.
 .TP
 .B EDEADLK
-The command was
+.I op
+was
 .B F_LOCK
 and this lock operation would cause a deadlock.
 .TP
@@ -139,7 +140,7 @@ .SH ERRORS
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
 An invalid operation was specified in
-.IR cmd .
+.IR op .
 .TP
 .B ENOLCK
 Too many segment locks open, lock table is full.
-- 
2.43.0


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Re: [PATCH 1/2] man*/: epoll_*(), fcntl(), flock(), ioctl(), msgctl(), *prctl(), ptrace(), quotactl(), reboot(), semctl(), shmctl(), lockf(): Consistently use 'op' and 'operation'

[Alejandro Colomar]

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On Sun, Mar 03, 2024 at 01:15:09PM +0100, Alejandro Colomar wrote:
> Reported-by: Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>
> Cc: Elliott Hughes <enh@google.com>
> Cc: Stefan Puiu <stefan.puiu@gmail.com>
> Signed-off-by: Alejandro Colomar <alx@kernel.org>
> ---
>  man2/arch_prctl.2          | 12 +++---
>  man2/epoll_wait.2          |  4 +-
>  man2/fcntl.2               | 70 +++++++++++++++----------------
>  man2/flock.2               |  6 +--
>  man2/ioctl.2               | 30 +++++++-------
>  man2/ioctl_console.2       |  8 ++--
>  man2/ioctl_fideduperange.2 |  2 +-
>  man2/ioctl_getfsmap.2      |  6 +--
>  man2/ioctl_ns.2            |  2 +-
>  man2/ioctl_tty.2           | 10 ++---
>  man2/ioctl_userfaultfd.2   | 10 ++---
>  man2/msgctl.2              | 16 ++++----
>  man2/prctl.2               | 84 +++++++++++++++++++-------------------
>  man2/ptrace.2              | 60 +++++++++++++--------------
>  man2/quotactl.2            | 34 +++++++--------
>  man2/reboot.2              | 19 +++++----
>  man2/semctl.2              | 22 +++++-----
>  man2/shmctl.2              | 20 +++++----
>  man3/lockf.3               | 11 ++---
>  19 files changed, 217 insertions(+), 209 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/man2/arch_prctl.2 b/man2/arch_prctl.2
> index bbb85866c..680d36395 100644
> --- a/man2/arch_prctl.2
> +++ b/man2/arch_prctl.2
> @@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ .SH SYNOPSIS
>  .BR "#include <sys/syscall.h>" "      /* Definition of " SYS_* " constants */"
>  .B #include <unistd.h>
>  .P
> -.BI "int syscall(SYS_arch_prctl, int " code ", unsigned long " addr );
> -.BI "int syscall(SYS_arch_prctl, int " code ", unsigned long *" addr );
> +.BI "int syscall(SYS_arch_prctl, int " op ", unsigned long " addr );
> +.BI "int syscall(SYS_arch_prctl, int " op ", unsigned long *" addr );

[...]

Hi Elliott!

This is already in master.  Feel free to do a similar thing in bionic.
;)

Have a lovely day!
Alex

-- 
<https://www.alejandro-colomar.es/>
Looking for a remote C programming job at the moment.

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Re: [PATCH 1/2] man*/: epoll_*(), fcntl(), flock(), ioctl(), msgctl(), *prctl(), ptrace(), quotactl(), reboot(), semctl(), shmctl(), lockf(): Consistently use 'op' and 'operation'

[enh]

On Tue, Mar 5, 2024 at 10:12 AM Alejandro Colomar <alx@kernel.org> wrote:
>
> On Sun, Mar 03, 2024 at 01:15:09PM +0100, Alejandro Colomar wrote:
> > Reported-by: Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>
> > Cc: Elliott Hughes <enh@google.com>
> > Cc: Stefan Puiu <stefan.puiu@gmail.com>
> > Signed-off-by: Alejandro Colomar <alx@kernel.org>
> > ---
> >  man2/arch_prctl.2          | 12 +++---
> >  man2/epoll_wait.2          |  4 +-
> >  man2/fcntl.2               | 70 +++++++++++++++----------------
> >  man2/flock.2               |  6 +--
> >  man2/ioctl.2               | 30 +++++++-------
> >  man2/ioctl_console.2       |  8 ++--
> >  man2/ioctl_fideduperange.2 |  2 +-
> >  man2/ioctl_getfsmap.2      |  6 +--
> >  man2/ioctl_ns.2            |  2 +-
> >  man2/ioctl_tty.2           | 10 ++---
> >  man2/ioctl_userfaultfd.2   | 10 ++---
> >  man2/msgctl.2              | 16 ++++----
> >  man2/prctl.2               | 84 +++++++++++++++++++-------------------
> >  man2/ptrace.2              | 60 +++++++++++++--------------
> >  man2/quotactl.2            | 34 +++++++--------
> >  man2/reboot.2              | 19 +++++----
> >  man2/semctl.2              | 22 +++++-----
> >  man2/shmctl.2              | 20 +++++----
> >  man3/lockf.3               | 11 ++---
> >  19 files changed, 217 insertions(+), 209 deletions(-)
> >
> > diff --git a/man2/arch_prctl.2 b/man2/arch_prctl.2
> > index bbb85866c..680d36395 100644
> > --- a/man2/arch_prctl.2
> > +++ b/man2/arch_prctl.2
> > @@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ .SH SYNOPSIS
> >  .BR "#include <sys/syscall.h>" "      /* Definition of " SYS_* " constants */"
> >  .B #include <unistd.h>
> >  .P
> > -.BI "int syscall(SYS_arch_prctl, int " code ", unsigned long " addr );
> > -.BI "int syscall(SYS_arch_prctl, int " code ", unsigned long *" addr );
> > +.BI "int syscall(SYS_arch_prctl, int " op ", unsigned long " addr );
> > +.BI "int syscall(SYS_arch_prctl, int " op ", unsigned long *" addr );
>
> [...]
>
> Hi Elliott!
>
> This is already in master.  Feel free to do a similar thing in bionic.
> ;)

already did :-)
https://android-review.googlesource.com/c/platform/bionic/+/2987969

> Have a lovely day!
> Alex
>
> --
> <https://www.alejandro-colomar.es/>
> Looking for a remote C programming job at the moment.

[PATCH 2/2] clock_nanosleep.2, nanosleep.2: Use 'duration' rather than 'request'

[Alejandro Colomar]

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It seems much more clear.

Suggested-by: Elliott Hughes <enh@google.com>
Cc: Stefan Puiu <stefan.puiu@gmail.com>
Cc: Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>
Signed-off-by: Alejandro Colomar <alx@kernel.org>
---
 man2/clock_nanosleep.2 | 20 ++++++++++----------
 man2/nanosleep.2       | 12 ++++++------
 2 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)

diff --git a/man2/clock_nanosleep.2 b/man2/clock_nanosleep.2
index 5bda50e18..0eedc1277 100644
--- a/man2/clock_nanosleep.2
+++ b/man2/clock_nanosleep.2
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ .SH SYNOPSIS
 .nf
 .P
 .BI "int clock_nanosleep(clockid_t " clockid ", int " flags ,
-.BI "                    const struct timespec *" request ,
+.BI "                    const struct timespec *" duration ,
 .BI "                    struct timespec *_Nullable " remain );
 .fi
 .P
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 If
 .I flags
 is 0, then the value specified in
-.I request
+.I duration
 is interpreted as an interval relative to the current
 value of the clock specified by
 .IR clockid .
@@ -104,11 +104,11 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 is
 .BR TIMER_ABSTIME ,
 then
-.I request
+.I duration
 is interpreted as an absolute time as measured by the clock,
 .IR clockid .
 If
-.I request
+.I duration
 is less than or equal to the current value of the clock,
 then
 .BR clock_nanosleep ()
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 .BR clock_nanosleep ()
 suspends the execution of the calling thread
 until either at least the time specified by
-.I request
+.I duration
 has elapsed,
 or a signal is delivered that causes a signal handler to be called or
 that terminates the process.
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 .BR clock_nanosleep ()
 again and complete a (relative) sleep.
 .SH RETURN VALUE
-On successfully sleeping for the requested interval,
+On successfully sleeping for the requested duration,
 .BR clock_nanosleep ()
 returns 0.
 If the call is interrupted by a signal handler or encounters an error,
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ .SH RETURN VALUE
 .SH ERRORS
 .TP
 .B EFAULT
-.I request
+.I duration
 or
 .I remain
 specified an invalid address.
@@ -179,8 +179,8 @@ .SH HISTORY
 Linux 2.6,
 glibc 2.1.
 .SH NOTES
-If the interval specified in
-.I request
+If the
+.I duration
 is not an exact multiple of the granularity underlying clock (see
 .BR time (7)),
 then the interval will be rounded up to the next multiple.
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ .SH NOTES
 is
 .BR TIMER_ABSTIME .
 (An absolute sleep can be restarted using the same
-.I request
+.I duration
 argument.)
 .P
 POSIX.1 specifies that
diff --git a/man2/nanosleep.2 b/man2/nanosleep.2
index a8d9f5a8a..6272c21e6 100644
--- a/man2/nanosleep.2
+++ b/man2/nanosleep.2
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ .SH SYNOPSIS
 .nf
 .B #include <time.h>
 .P
-.BI "int nanosleep(const struct timespec *" req ,
+.BI "int nanosleep(const struct timespec *" duration ,
 .BI "              struct timespec *_Nullable " rem );
 .fi
 .P
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 .BR nanosleep ()
 suspends the execution of the calling thread
 until either at least the time specified in
-.I *req
+.I *duration
 has elapsed, or the delivery of a signal
 that triggers the invocation of a handler in the calling thread or
 that terminates the process.
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 and it makes the task of resuming a sleep that has been
 interrupted by a signal handler easier.
 .SH RETURN VALUE
-On successfully sleeping for the requested interval,
+On successfully sleeping for the requested duration,
 .BR nanosleep ()
 returns 0.
 If the call is interrupted by a signal handler or encounters an error,
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ .SH VERSIONS
 .BR nanosleep ()
 function; ...
 Consequently, these time services shall expire when the requested relative
-interval elapses, independently of the new or old value of the clock.
+duration elapses, independently of the new or old value of the clock.
 .RE
 .SH STANDARDS
 POSIX.1-2008.
@@ -158,8 +158,8 @@ .SH HISTORY
 This special extension was removed in Linux 2.5.39,
 and is thus not available in Linux 2.6.0 and later kernels.
 .SH NOTES
-If the interval specified in
-.I req
+If the
+.I duration
 is not an exact multiple of the granularity underlying clock (see
 .BR time (7)),
 then the interval will be rounded up to the next multiple.
-- 
2.43.0


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Re: [PATCH 2/2] clock_nanosleep.2, nanosleep.2: Use 'duration' rather than 'request'

[Bruno Haible]

Alejandro Colomar wrote:
>  man2/clock_nanosleep.2 | 20 ++++++++++----------
>  man2/nanosleep.2       | 12 ++++++------

The change to nanosleep.2 seems mostly fine. Except that the
term "requested relative duration" (line 142) raises questions;
what about changing that to "requested duration"?

The change to clock_nanosleep.2 seems wrong. There are two cases
(quoting the old text):

       If flags is 0, then the value specified in request is interpreted
       as an interval relative to the  current  value  of  the  clock
       specified by clockid.

       If  flags  is  TIMER_ABSTIME,  then request is interpreted as an
       absolute time as measured by the clock, clockid.  If request is
       less than or equal to the current value of the clock, then
       clock_nanosleep() returns immediately without suspending the  calling
       thread.

In the first case, the argument is a duration. In the second case, the
argument is an absolute time point; it would be wrong and very confusing
to denote it as "duration".

Bruno

Re: [PATCH 2/2] clock_nanosleep.2, nanosleep.2: Use 'duration' rather than 'request'

[Alejandro Colomar]

[-- Attachment #1: Type: text/plain, Size: 1574 bytes --]

Hi Bruno,

On Sun, Mar 03, 2024 at 01:45:37PM +0100, Bruno Haible wrote:
> Alejandro Colomar wrote:
> >  man2/clock_nanosleep.2 | 20 ++++++++++----------
> >  man2/nanosleep.2       | 12 ++++++------
> 
> The change to nanosleep.2 seems mostly fine. Except that the
> term "requested relative duration" (line 142) raises questions;
> what about changing that to "requested duration"?

Yeah, I had doubts about that one.  Probably I should drop 'relative'.

> 
> The change to clock_nanosleep.2 seems wrong. There are two cases
> (quoting the old text):
> 
>        If flags is 0, then the value specified in request is interpreted
>        as an interval relative to the  current  value  of  the  clock
>        specified by clockid.
> 
>        If  flags  is  TIMER_ABSTIME,  then request is interpreted as an
>        absolute time as measured by the clock, clockid.  If request is
>        less than or equal to the current value of the clock, then
>        clock_nanosleep() returns immediately without suspending the  calling
>        thread.
> 
> In the first case, the argument is a duration. In the second case, the
> argument is an absolute time point; it would be wrong and very confusing
> to denote it as "duration".

Hmm, thanks!  I guess we'll have to keep 'request' in clock_nanosleep(3)
unless someone comes up with a better name.  Elliott, you may want to
partially revert that change in bionic.

Have a lovely day!
Alex

-- 
<https://www.alejandro-colomar.es/>
Looking for a remote C programming job at the moment.

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[PATCH v2 2/2] nanosleep.2: Use 'duration' rather than 'request'

[Alejandro Colomar]

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It seems much more clear.

Suggested-by: Elliott Hughes <enh@google.com>
Cc: Stefan Puiu <stefan.puiu@gmail.com>
Cc: Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>
Signed-off-by: Alejandro Colomar <alx@kernel.org>
---

v2:

-  2/2:
   -  Drop changes to clock_nanosleep(2).  [Bruno]
   -  Don't say "relative duration".  [Bruno]

-  1/2:  unchanged, so not resent.

 man2/nanosleep.2 | 15 ++++++++-------
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/man2/nanosleep.2 b/man2/nanosleep.2
index a8d9f5a8a..e7132ee32 100644
--- a/man2/nanosleep.2
+++ b/man2/nanosleep.2
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ .SH SYNOPSIS
 .nf
 .B #include <time.h>
 .P
-.BI "int nanosleep(const struct timespec *" req ,
+.BI "int nanosleep(const struct timespec *" duration ,
 .BI "              struct timespec *_Nullable " rem );
 .fi
 .P
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 .BR nanosleep ()
 suspends the execution of the calling thread
 until either at least the time specified in
-.I *req
+.I *duration
 has elapsed, or the delivery of a signal
 that triggers the invocation of a handler in the calling thread or
 that terminates the process.
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 and it makes the task of resuming a sleep that has been
 interrupted by a signal handler easier.
 .SH RETURN VALUE
-On successfully sleeping for the requested interval,
+On successfully sleeping for the requested duration,
 .BR nanosleep ()
 returns 0.
 If the call is interrupted by a signal handler or encounters an error,
@@ -138,8 +138,9 @@ .SH VERSIONS
 service based upon this clock, including the
 .BR nanosleep ()
 function; ...
-Consequently, these time services shall expire when the requested relative
-interval elapses, independently of the new or old value of the clock.
+Consequently,
+these time services shall expire when the requested duration elapses,
+independently of the new or old value of the clock.
 .RE
 .SH STANDARDS
 POSIX.1-2008.
@@ -158,8 +159,8 @@ .SH HISTORY
 This special extension was removed in Linux 2.5.39,
 and is thus not available in Linux 2.6.0 and later kernels.
 .SH NOTES
-If the interval specified in
-.I req
+If the
+.I duration
 is not an exact multiple of the granularity underlying clock (see
 .BR time (7)),
 then the interval will be rounded up to the next multiple.
-- 
2.43.0


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Re: [PATCH 2/2] clock_nanosleep.2, nanosleep.2: Use 'duration' rather than 'request'

[enh]

On Sun, Mar 3, 2024 at 4:55 AM Alejandro Colomar <alx@kernel.org> wrote:
>
> Hi Bruno,
>
> On Sun, Mar 03, 2024 at 01:45:37PM +0100, Bruno Haible wrote:
> > Alejandro Colomar wrote:
> > >  man2/clock_nanosleep.2 | 20 ++++++++++----------
> > >  man2/nanosleep.2       | 12 ++++++------
> >
> > The change to nanosleep.2 seems mostly fine. Except that the
> > term "requested relative duration" (line 142) raises questions;
> > what about changing that to "requested duration"?
>
> Yeah, I had doubts about that one.  Probably I should drop 'relative'.
>
> >
> > The change to clock_nanosleep.2 seems wrong. There are two cases
> > (quoting the old text):
> >
> >        If flags is 0, then the value specified in request is interpreted
> >        as an interval relative to the  current  value  of  the  clock
> >        specified by clockid.
> >
> >        If  flags  is  TIMER_ABSTIME,  then request is interpreted as an
> >        absolute time as measured by the clock, clockid.  If request is
> >        less than or equal to the current value of the clock, then
> >        clock_nanosleep() returns immediately without suspending the  calling
> >        thread.
> >
> > In the first case, the argument is a duration. In the second case, the
> > argument is an absolute time point; it would be wrong and very confusing
> > to denote it as "duration".
>
> Hmm, thanks!  I guess we'll have to keep 'request' in clock_nanosleep(3)
> unless someone comes up with a better name.  Elliott, you may want to
> partially revert that change in bionic.

thanks! https://android-review.googlesource.com/c/platform/bionic/+/2987070
changes to

/**
 * [clock_nanosleep(2)](http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/clock_nanosleep.2.html)
 * sleeps for the given time (or until the given time if the TIMER_ABSTIME flag
 * is used), as measured by the given clock.
 *
 * Returns 0 on success, and returns -1 and returns an error number on failure.
 * If the sleep was interrupted by a signal, the return value will be `EINTR`
 * and `remainder` will be the amount of time remaining.
 */
int clock_nanosleep(clockid_t __clock, int __flags, const struct
timespec* _Nonnull __time, struct timespec* _Nullable __remainder);


> Have a lovely day!
> Alex
>
> --
> <https://www.alejandro-colomar.es/>
> Looking for a remote C programming job at the moment.

Re: [PATCH 2/2] clock_nanosleep.2, nanosleep.2: Use 'duration' rather than 'request'

[Alejandro Colomar]

[-- Attachment #1: Type: text/plain, Size: 1131 bytes --]

Hi Elliott,

On Mon, Mar 04, 2024 at 04:18:28PM -0800, enh wrote:
> thanks! https://android-review.googlesource.com/c/platform/bionic/+/2987070
> changes to
> 
> /**
>  * [clock_nanosleep(2)](http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/clock_nanosleep.2.html)
>  * sleeps for the given time (or until the given time if the TIMER_ABSTIME flag
>  * is used), as measured by the given clock.
>  *
>  * Returns 0 on success, and returns -1 and returns an error number on failure.
>  * If the sleep was interrupted by a signal, the return value will be `EINTR`
>  * and `remainder` will be the amount of time remaining.
>  */
> int clock_nanosleep(clockid_t __clock, int __flags, const struct
> timespec* _Nonnull __time, struct timespec* _Nullable __remainder);

Hmmmm, that's the best name, meaningfully, I think.  But I've been
trying to avoid it.  I don't like using names of standard functions in
identifiers; it might confuse.  As an alternative, I thought of 't'.
What do you think?

Have a lovely night!

Alex

-- 
<https://www.alejandro-colomar.es/>
Looking for a remote C programming job at the moment.

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Re: [PATCH 2/2] clock_nanosleep.2, nanosleep.2: Use 'duration' rather than 'request'

[enh]

On Mon, Mar 4, 2024 at 4:34 PM Alejandro Colomar <alx@kernel.org> wrote:
>
> Hi Elliott,
>
> On Mon, Mar 04, 2024 at 04:18:28PM -0800, enh wrote:
> > thanks! https://android-review.googlesource.com/c/platform/bionic/+/2987070
> > changes to
> >
> > /**
> >  * [clock_nanosleep(2)](http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/clock_nanosleep.2.html)
> >  * sleeps for the given time (or until the given time if the TIMER_ABSTIME flag
> >  * is used), as measured by the given clock.
> >  *
> >  * Returns 0 on success, and returns -1 and returns an error number on failure.
> >  * If the sleep was interrupted by a signal, the return value will be `EINTR`
> >  * and `remainder` will be the amount of time remaining.
> >  */
> > int clock_nanosleep(clockid_t __clock, int __flags, const struct
> > timespec* _Nonnull __time, struct timespec* _Nullable __remainder);
>
> Hmmmm, that's the best name, meaningfully, I think.  But I've been
> trying to avoid it.  I don't like using names of standard functions in
> identifiers; it might confuse.  As an alternative, I thought of 't'.
> What do you think?

as you can see, i've taken the "the leading `__` means we get to
trample whatever we like" approach :-)

(we build bionic with hidden visibility and an explicit list of
symbols for the linker to export, so we'd have to be trying quite hard
to trip over ourselves.)

> Have a lovely night!
>
> Alex
>
> --
> <https://www.alejandro-colomar.es/>
> Looking for a remote C programming job at the moment.

Re: [PATCH 2/2] clock_nanosleep.2, nanosleep.2: Use 'duration' rather than 'request'

[Alejandro Colomar]

[-- Attachment #1: Type: text/plain, Size: 889 bytes --]

On Mon, Mar 04, 2024 at 04:56:13PM -0800, enh wrote:
> > > int clock_nanosleep(clockid_t __clock, int __flags, const struct
> > > timespec* _Nonnull __time, struct timespec* _Nullable __remainder);
> >
> > Hmmmm, that's the best name, meaningfully, I think.  But I've been
> > trying to avoid it.  I don't like using names of standard functions in
> > identifiers; it might confuse.  As an alternative, I thought of 't'.
> > What do you think?
> 
> as you can see, i've taken the "the leading `__` means we get to
> trample whatever we like" approach :-)
> 
> (we build bionic with hidden visibility and an explicit list of
> symbols for the linker to export, so we'd have to be trying quite hard
> to trip over ourselves.)

Yeah, I was worried about the manual page  :)


-- 
<https://www.alejandro-colomar.es/>
Looking for a remote C programming job at the moment.

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[PATCH v3 3/3] clock_nanosleep.2: Use 't' rather than 'request'

[Alejandro Colomar]

[-- Attachment #1: Type: text/plain, Size: 2269 bytes --]

It seems much more clear.

Cc: Elliott Hughes <enh@google.com>
Cc: Stefan Puiu <stefan.puiu@gmail.com>
Cc: Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>
Signed-off-by: Alejandro Colomar <alx@kernel.org>
---

v3:

-  Add new patch for clock_nanosleep(2).

-  Patches 1 and 2 are still the same as in older revisions; not
   resending.

 man2/clock_nanosleep.2 | 16 ++++++++--------
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 8 deletions(-)

diff --git a/man2/clock_nanosleep.2 b/man2/clock_nanosleep.2
index 5bda50e18..7715ec385 100644
--- a/man2/clock_nanosleep.2
+++ b/man2/clock_nanosleep.2
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ .SH SYNOPSIS
 .nf
 .P
 .BI "int clock_nanosleep(clockid_t " clockid ", int " flags ,
-.BI "                    const struct timespec *" request ,
+.BI "                    const struct timespec *" t ,
 .BI "                    struct timespec *_Nullable " remain );
 .fi
 .P
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 If
 .I flags
 is 0, then the value specified in
-.I request
+.I t
 is interpreted as an interval relative to the current
 value of the clock specified by
 .IR clockid .
@@ -104,11 +104,11 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 is
 .BR TIMER_ABSTIME ,
 then
-.I request
+.I t
 is interpreted as an absolute time as measured by the clock,
 .IR clockid .
 If
-.I request
+.I t
 is less than or equal to the current value of the clock,
 then
 .BR clock_nanosleep ()
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ .SH DESCRIPTION
 .BR clock_nanosleep ()
 suspends the execution of the calling thread
 until either at least the time specified by
-.I request
+.I t
 has elapsed,
 or a signal is delivered that causes a signal handler to be called or
 that terminates the process.
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ .SH RETURN VALUE
 .SH ERRORS
 .TP
 .B EFAULT
-.I request
+.I t
 or
 .I remain
 specified an invalid address.
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ .SH HISTORY
 glibc 2.1.
 .SH NOTES
 If the interval specified in
-.I request
+.I t
 is not an exact multiple of the granularity underlying clock (see
 .BR time (7)),
 then the interval will be rounded up to the next multiple.
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ .SH NOTES
 is
 .BR TIMER_ABSTIME .
 (An absolute sleep can be restarted using the same
-.I request
+.I t
 argument.)
 .P
 POSIX.1 specifies that
-- 
2.43.0


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Re: [PATCH 2/2] clock_nanosleep.2, nanosleep.2: Use 'duration' rather than 'request'

[enh]

On Mon, Mar 4, 2024 at 5:11 PM Alejandro Colomar <alx@kernel.org> wrote:
>
> On Mon, Mar 04, 2024 at 04:56:13PM -0800, enh wrote:
> > > > int clock_nanosleep(clockid_t __clock, int __flags, const struct
> > > > timespec* _Nonnull __time, struct timespec* _Nullable __remainder);
> > >
> > > Hmmmm, that's the best name, meaningfully, I think.  But I've been
> > > trying to avoid it.  I don't like using names of standard functions in
> > > identifiers; it might confuse.  As an alternative, I thought of 't'.
> > > What do you think?
> >
> > as you can see, i've taken the "the leading `__` means we get to
> > trample whatever we like" approach :-)
> >
> > (we build bionic with hidden visibility and an explicit list of
> > symbols for the linker to export, so we'd have to be trying quite hard
> > to trip over ourselves.)
>
> Yeah, I was worried about the manual page  :)

yeah, i think "t + extra text" makes sense there. i just try to be as
brief as possible in the doc comments on the assumption that most
readers will be seeing them in IDE pop-ups, and anyone who wants lots
of text will click through to the man page anyway. and at that point
they're your problem :-)

> --
> <https://www.alejandro-colomar.es/>
> Looking for a remote C programming job at the moment.

Re: [PATCH] prctl.2: Fix typo

[Bruno Haible]

[-- Attachment #1: Type: text/plain, Size: 677 bytes --]

Alejandro Colomar wrote:
> Yes, I don't think it means optional, but rather a choice from all the
> available operations.

IMO, a choice is an "option" only if it is possible to choose none of
the available choices.

> Would you mind checking the
> entire page for those other replacements?

Done: Find attached 0001, which replaces "option" with "operation" in those
places where it denotes the first argument.

Also 0002: a paragraph break was missing in the list of reasons for EINVAL.

I also updated the prototype of this function in IRIX. The IRIX 6.5 header
file in fact does not give a name to the first argument: it declares

  ptrdiff_t prctl(unsigned, ...);

Bruno


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From 8823af7522ea7e9e2e89774e3ce7b33724ba50bf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>
Date: Sun, 29 Oct 2023 21:46:49 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 1/2] prctl.2: Use better term

The first argument of prctl() was denoted as "option" here. This makes
no sense, because
  - The first argument is not optional; it is mandatory.
    A choice is an "option" only if it is possible to choose none of
    the available choices.
  - The title of the page is "operations on a process or thread".

A better term is "operation".
---
 man2/prctl.2 | 88 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------------------
 1 file changed, 44 insertions(+), 44 deletions(-)

diff --git a/man2/prctl.2 b/man2/prctl.2
index f72aeb700..bcda079bb 100644
--- a/man2/prctl.2
+++ b/man2/prctl.2
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ Standard C library
 .nf
 .B #include <sys/prctl.h>
 .PP
-.BI "int prctl(int " option ", ..."
+.BI "int prctl(int " operation ", ..."
 .BI "          \fR/*\fP unsigned long " arg2 ", unsigned long " arg3 ,
 .BI "          unsigned long " arg4 ", unsigned long " arg5 " \fR*/\fP );"
 .fi
@@ -414,7 +414,7 @@ so FPU emulation is not required and the FPU always operates in
 .B FR=1
 mode.
 .IP
-This option is mainly intended for use by the dynamic linker
+This operation is mainly intended for use by the dynamic linker
 .RB ( ld.so (8)).
 .IP
 The arguments
@@ -2096,7 +2096,7 @@ and (if it returns)
 .B PR_GET_SECCOMP
 return the nonnegative values described above.
 All other
-.I option
+.I operation
 values return 0 on success.
 On error, \-1 is returned, and
 .I errno
@@ -2104,7 +2104,7 @@ is set to indicate the error.
 .SH ERRORS
 .TP
 .B EACCES
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .B PR_SET_SECCOMP
 and
@@ -2120,7 +2120,7 @@ attribute (see the discussion of
 above).
 .TP
 .B EACCES
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .BR PR_SET_MM ,
 and
@@ -2130,7 +2130,7 @@ is
 the file is not executable.
 .TP
 .B EBADF
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .BR PR_SET_MM ,
 .I arg3
@@ -2141,7 +2141,7 @@ and the file descriptor passed in
 is not valid.
 .TP
 .B EBUSY
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .BR PR_SET_MM ,
 .I arg3
@@ -2156,7 +2156,7 @@ symbolic link, which is prohibited.
 is an invalid address.
 .TP
 .B EFAULT
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .BR PR_SET_SECCOMP ,
 .I arg2
@@ -2169,7 +2169,7 @@ and
 is an invalid address.
 .TP
 .B EFAULT
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .B PR_SET_SYSCALL_USER_DISPATCH
 and
@@ -2178,12 +2178,12 @@ has an invalid address.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
 The value of
-.I option
+.I operation
 is not recognized,
 or not supported on this system.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .B PR_MCE_KILL
 or
@@ -2197,10 +2197,10 @@ arguments were not specified as zero.
 .B EINVAL
 .I arg2
 is not valid value for this
-.IR option .
+.IR operation .
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .B PR_SET_SECCOMP
 or
@@ -2209,7 +2209,7 @@ and the kernel was not configured with
 .BR CONFIG_SECCOMP .
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .BR PR_SET_SECCOMP ,
 .I arg2
@@ -2219,7 +2219,7 @@ and the kernel was not configured with
 .BR CONFIG_SECCOMP_FILTER .
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .BR PR_SET_MM ,
 and one of the following is true
@@ -2259,7 +2259,7 @@ resource limit to be exceeded.
 .RE
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .B PR_SET_PTRACER
 and
@@ -2269,7 +2269,7 @@ is not 0,
 or the PID of an existing process.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .B PR_SET_PDEATHSIG
 and
@@ -2277,7 +2277,7 @@ and
 is not a valid signal number.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .B PR_SET_DUMPABLE
 and
@@ -2288,7 +2288,7 @@ nor
 .BR SUID_DUMP_USER .
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .B PR_SET_TIMING
 and
@@ -2297,7 +2297,7 @@ is not
 .BR PR_TIMING_STATISTICAL .
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .B PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS
 and
@@ -2311,7 +2311,7 @@ or
 is nonzero.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .B PR_GET_NO_NEW_PRIVS
 and
@@ -2323,7 +2323,7 @@ or
 is nonzero.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .B PR_SET_THP_DISABLE
 and
@@ -2334,7 +2334,7 @@ or
 is nonzero.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .B PR_GET_THP_DISABLE
 and
@@ -2346,7 +2346,7 @@ or
 is nonzero.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .B PR_CAP_AMBIENT
 and an unused argument
@@ -2371,7 +2371,7 @@ and
 does not specify a valid capability.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I option
+.I operation
 was
 .B PR_GET_SPECULATION_CTRL
 or
@@ -2380,7 +2380,7 @@ and unused arguments to
 .BR prctl ()
 are not 0.
 .B EINVAL
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .B PR_PAC_RESET_KEYS
 and the arguments are invalid or unsupported.
@@ -2389,7 +2389,7 @@ See the description of
 above for details.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .B PR_SVE_SET_VL
 and the arguments are invalid or unsupported,
@@ -2399,13 +2399,13 @@ See the description of
 above for details.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .B PR_SVE_GET_VL
 and SVE is not available on this platform.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .B PR_SET_SYSCALL_USER_DISPATCH
 and one of the following is true:
@@ -2427,7 +2427,7 @@ is invalid.
 .RE
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .B PR_SET_TAGGED_ADDR_CTRL
 and the arguments are invalid or unsupported.
@@ -2436,7 +2436,7 @@ See the description of
 above for details.
 .TP
 .B EINVAL
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .B PR_GET_TAGGED_ADDR_CTRL
 and the arguments are invalid or unsupported.
@@ -2445,13 +2445,13 @@ See the description of
 above for details.
 .TP
 .B ENODEV
-.I option
+.I operation
 was
 .B PR_SET_SPECULATION_CTRL
 the kernel or CPU does not support the requested speculation misfeature.
 .TP
 .B ENXIO
-.I option
+.I operation
 was
 .B PR_MPX_ENABLE_MANAGEMENT
 or
@@ -2460,7 +2460,7 @@ and the kernel or the CPU does not support MPX management.
 Check that the kernel and processor have MPX support.
 .TP
 .B ENXIO
-.I option
+.I operation
 was
 .B PR_SET_SPECULATION_CTRL
 implies that the control of the selected speculation misfeature is not possible.
@@ -2469,7 +2469,7 @@ See
 for the bit fields to determine which option is available.
 .TP
 .B EOPNOTSUPP
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .B PR_SET_FP_MODE
 and
@@ -2477,7 +2477,7 @@ and
 has an invalid or unsupported value.
 .TP
 .B EPERM
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .BR PR_SET_SECUREBITS ,
 and the caller does not have the
@@ -2489,7 +2489,7 @@ or tried to set a flag whose corresponding locked flag was set
 .BR capabilities (7)).
 .TP
 .B EPERM
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .B PR_SET_SPECULATION_CTRL
 wherein the speculation was disabled with
@@ -2497,7 +2497,7 @@ wherein the speculation was disabled with
 and caller tried to enable it again.
 .TP
 .B EPERM
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .BR PR_SET_KEEPCAPS ,
 and the caller's
@@ -2507,7 +2507,7 @@ flag is set
 .BR capabilities (7)).
 .TP
 .B EPERM
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .BR PR_CAPBSET_DROP ,
 and the caller does not have the
@@ -2515,7 +2515,7 @@ and the caller does not have the
 capability.
 .TP
 .B EPERM
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .BR PR_SET_MM ,
 and the caller does not have the
@@ -2523,7 +2523,7 @@ and the caller does not have the
 capability.
 .TP
 .B EPERM
-.I option
+.I operation
 is
 .B PR_CAP_AMBIENT
 and
@@ -2538,7 +2538,7 @@ or the
 securebit has been set.
 .TP
 .B ERANGE
-.I option
+.I operation
 was
 .B PR_SET_SPECULATION_CTRL
 and
@@ -2558,11 +2558,11 @@ with prototype
 .PP
 .in +4n
 .EX
-.BI "ptrdiff_t prctl(int " option ", int " arg2 ", int " arg3 );
+.BI "ptrdiff_t prctl(int " operation ", int " arg2 ", int " arg3 );
 .EE
 .in
 .PP
-and options to get the maximum number of processes per user,
+and operations to get the maximum number of processes per user,
 get the maximum number of processors the calling process can use,
 find out whether a specified process is currently blocked,
 get or set the maximum stack size, and so on.
-- 
2.34.1


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From d1ae2b0b32e837476467397ce1f9d81e347621da Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>
Date: Tue, 31 Oct 2023 18:02:43 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 2/2] prctl.2: Add a missing paragraph break.

A paragraph break was missing in the enumeration of possible reasons for EINVAL.
---
 man2/prctl.2 | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/man2/prctl.2 b/man2/prctl.2
index bcda079bb..b97f3fb53 100644
--- a/man2/prctl.2
+++ b/man2/prctl.2
@@ -2379,6 +2379,7 @@ or
 and unused arguments to
 .BR prctl ()
 are not 0.
+.TP
 .B EINVAL
 .I operation
 is
-- 
2.34.1

Re: [PATCH] prctl.2: Fix typo

[Alejandro Colomar]

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Hi Bruno,

On Tue, Oct 31, 2023 at 06:08:05PM +0100, Bruno Haible wrote:
> Alejandro Colomar wrote:
> > Yes, I don't think it means optional, but rather a choice from all the
> > available operations.
> 
> IMO, a choice is an "option" only if it is possible to choose none of
> the available choices.
> 
> > Would you mind checking the
> > entire page for those other replacements?
> 
> Done: Find attached 0001, which replaces "option" with "operation" in those
> places where it denotes the first argument.
> 
> Also 0002: a paragraph break was missing in the list of reasons for EINVAL.

Both patches applied.  Thanks!

<https://www.alejandro-colomar.es/src/alx/linux/man-pages/man-pages.git/commit/?h=contrib&id=753a46c6468b327f5885fde5bc2a202a03809459>
<https://www.alejandro-colomar.es/src/alx/linux/man-pages/man-pages.git/commit/?h=contrib&id=fc6c19f2790da12c203a9e0ea4cb6fe178d7da82>

Cheers,
Alex

> 
> I also updated the prototype of this function in IRIX. The IRIX 6.5 header
> file in fact does not give a name to the first argument: it declares
> 
>   ptrdiff_t prctl(unsigned, ...);
> 
> Bruno
> 

> From 8823af7522ea7e9e2e89774e3ce7b33724ba50bf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
> From: Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>
> Date: Sun, 29 Oct 2023 21:46:49 +0100
> Subject: [PATCH 1/2] prctl.2: Use better term
> 
> The first argument of prctl() was denoted as "option" here. This makes
> no sense, because
>   - The first argument is not optional; it is mandatory.
>     A choice is an "option" only if it is possible to choose none of
>     the available choices.
>   - The title of the page is "operations on a process or thread".
> 
> A better term is "operation".
> ---
>  man2/prctl.2 | 88 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------------------
>  1 file changed, 44 insertions(+), 44 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/man2/prctl.2 b/man2/prctl.2
> index f72aeb700..bcda079bb 100644
> --- a/man2/prctl.2
> +++ b/man2/prctl.2
> @@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ Standard C library
>  .nf
>  .B #include <sys/prctl.h>
>  .PP
> -.BI "int prctl(int " option ", ..."
> +.BI "int prctl(int " operation ", ..."
>  .BI "          \fR/*\fP unsigned long " arg2 ", unsigned long " arg3 ,
>  .BI "          unsigned long " arg4 ", unsigned long " arg5 " \fR*/\fP );"
>  .fi
> @@ -414,7 +414,7 @@ so FPU emulation is not required and the FPU always operates in
>  .B FR=1
>  mode.
>  .IP
> -This option is mainly intended for use by the dynamic linker
> +This operation is mainly intended for use by the dynamic linker
>  .RB ( ld.so (8)).
>  .IP
>  The arguments
> @@ -2096,7 +2096,7 @@ and (if it returns)
>  .B PR_GET_SECCOMP
>  return the nonnegative values described above.
>  All other
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  values return 0 on success.
>  On error, \-1 is returned, and
>  .I errno
> @@ -2104,7 +2104,7 @@ is set to indicate the error.
>  .SH ERRORS
>  .TP
>  .B EACCES
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .B PR_SET_SECCOMP
>  and
> @@ -2120,7 +2120,7 @@ attribute (see the discussion of
>  above).
>  .TP
>  .B EACCES
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .BR PR_SET_MM ,
>  and
> @@ -2130,7 +2130,7 @@ is
>  the file is not executable.
>  .TP
>  .B EBADF
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .BR PR_SET_MM ,
>  .I arg3
> @@ -2141,7 +2141,7 @@ and the file descriptor passed in
>  is not valid.
>  .TP
>  .B EBUSY
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .BR PR_SET_MM ,
>  .I arg3
> @@ -2156,7 +2156,7 @@ symbolic link, which is prohibited.
>  is an invalid address.
>  .TP
>  .B EFAULT
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .BR PR_SET_SECCOMP ,
>  .I arg2
> @@ -2169,7 +2169,7 @@ and
>  is an invalid address.
>  .TP
>  .B EFAULT
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .B PR_SET_SYSCALL_USER_DISPATCH
>  and
> @@ -2178,12 +2178,12 @@ has an invalid address.
>  .TP
>  .B EINVAL
>  The value of
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is not recognized,
>  or not supported on this system.
>  .TP
>  .B EINVAL
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .B PR_MCE_KILL
>  or
> @@ -2197,10 +2197,10 @@ arguments were not specified as zero.
>  .B EINVAL
>  .I arg2
>  is not valid value for this
> -.IR option .
> +.IR operation .
>  .TP
>  .B EINVAL
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .B PR_SET_SECCOMP
>  or
> @@ -2209,7 +2209,7 @@ and the kernel was not configured with
>  .BR CONFIG_SECCOMP .
>  .TP
>  .B EINVAL
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .BR PR_SET_SECCOMP ,
>  .I arg2
> @@ -2219,7 +2219,7 @@ and the kernel was not configured with
>  .BR CONFIG_SECCOMP_FILTER .
>  .TP
>  .B EINVAL
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .BR PR_SET_MM ,
>  and one of the following is true
> @@ -2259,7 +2259,7 @@ resource limit to be exceeded.
>  .RE
>  .TP
>  .B EINVAL
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .B PR_SET_PTRACER
>  and
> @@ -2269,7 +2269,7 @@ is not 0,
>  or the PID of an existing process.
>  .TP
>  .B EINVAL
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .B PR_SET_PDEATHSIG
>  and
> @@ -2277,7 +2277,7 @@ and
>  is not a valid signal number.
>  .TP
>  .B EINVAL
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .B PR_SET_DUMPABLE
>  and
> @@ -2288,7 +2288,7 @@ nor
>  .BR SUID_DUMP_USER .
>  .TP
>  .B EINVAL
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .B PR_SET_TIMING
>  and
> @@ -2297,7 +2297,7 @@ is not
>  .BR PR_TIMING_STATISTICAL .
>  .TP
>  .B EINVAL
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .B PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS
>  and
> @@ -2311,7 +2311,7 @@ or
>  is nonzero.
>  .TP
>  .B EINVAL
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .B PR_GET_NO_NEW_PRIVS
>  and
> @@ -2323,7 +2323,7 @@ or
>  is nonzero.
>  .TP
>  .B EINVAL
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .B PR_SET_THP_DISABLE
>  and
> @@ -2334,7 +2334,7 @@ or
>  is nonzero.
>  .TP
>  .B EINVAL
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .B PR_GET_THP_DISABLE
>  and
> @@ -2346,7 +2346,7 @@ or
>  is nonzero.
>  .TP
>  .B EINVAL
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .B PR_CAP_AMBIENT
>  and an unused argument
> @@ -2371,7 +2371,7 @@ and
>  does not specify a valid capability.
>  .TP
>  .B EINVAL
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  was
>  .B PR_GET_SPECULATION_CTRL
>  or
> @@ -2380,7 +2380,7 @@ and unused arguments to
>  .BR prctl ()
>  are not 0.
>  .B EINVAL
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .B PR_PAC_RESET_KEYS
>  and the arguments are invalid or unsupported.
> @@ -2389,7 +2389,7 @@ See the description of
>  above for details.
>  .TP
>  .B EINVAL
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .B PR_SVE_SET_VL
>  and the arguments are invalid or unsupported,
> @@ -2399,13 +2399,13 @@ See the description of
>  above for details.
>  .TP
>  .B EINVAL
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .B PR_SVE_GET_VL
>  and SVE is not available on this platform.
>  .TP
>  .B EINVAL
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .B PR_SET_SYSCALL_USER_DISPATCH
>  and one of the following is true:
> @@ -2427,7 +2427,7 @@ is invalid.
>  .RE
>  .TP
>  .B EINVAL
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .B PR_SET_TAGGED_ADDR_CTRL
>  and the arguments are invalid or unsupported.
> @@ -2436,7 +2436,7 @@ See the description of
>  above for details.
>  .TP
>  .B EINVAL
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .B PR_GET_TAGGED_ADDR_CTRL
>  and the arguments are invalid or unsupported.
> @@ -2445,13 +2445,13 @@ See the description of
>  above for details.
>  .TP
>  .B ENODEV
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  was
>  .B PR_SET_SPECULATION_CTRL
>  the kernel or CPU does not support the requested speculation misfeature.
>  .TP
>  .B ENXIO
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  was
>  .B PR_MPX_ENABLE_MANAGEMENT
>  or
> @@ -2460,7 +2460,7 @@ and the kernel or the CPU does not support MPX management.
>  Check that the kernel and processor have MPX support.
>  .TP
>  .B ENXIO
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  was
>  .B PR_SET_SPECULATION_CTRL
>  implies that the control of the selected speculation misfeature is not possible.
> @@ -2469,7 +2469,7 @@ See
>  for the bit fields to determine which option is available.
>  .TP
>  .B EOPNOTSUPP
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .B PR_SET_FP_MODE
>  and
> @@ -2477,7 +2477,7 @@ and
>  has an invalid or unsupported value.
>  .TP
>  .B EPERM
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .BR PR_SET_SECUREBITS ,
>  and the caller does not have the
> @@ -2489,7 +2489,7 @@ or tried to set a flag whose corresponding locked flag was set
>  .BR capabilities (7)).
>  .TP
>  .B EPERM
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .B PR_SET_SPECULATION_CTRL
>  wherein the speculation was disabled with
> @@ -2497,7 +2497,7 @@ wherein the speculation was disabled with
>  and caller tried to enable it again.
>  .TP
>  .B EPERM
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .BR PR_SET_KEEPCAPS ,
>  and the caller's
> @@ -2507,7 +2507,7 @@ flag is set
>  .BR capabilities (7)).
>  .TP
>  .B EPERM
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .BR PR_CAPBSET_DROP ,
>  and the caller does not have the
> @@ -2515,7 +2515,7 @@ and the caller does not have the
>  capability.
>  .TP
>  .B EPERM
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .BR PR_SET_MM ,
>  and the caller does not have the
> @@ -2523,7 +2523,7 @@ and the caller does not have the
>  capability.
>  .TP
>  .B EPERM
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  is
>  .B PR_CAP_AMBIENT
>  and
> @@ -2538,7 +2538,7 @@ or the
>  securebit has been set.
>  .TP
>  .B ERANGE
> -.I option
> +.I operation
>  was
>  .B PR_SET_SPECULATION_CTRL
>  and
> @@ -2558,11 +2558,11 @@ with prototype
>  .PP
>  .in +4n
>  .EX
> -.BI "ptrdiff_t prctl(int " option ", int " arg2 ", int " arg3 );
> +.BI "ptrdiff_t prctl(int " operation ", int " arg2 ", int " arg3 );
>  .EE
>  .in
>  .PP
> -and options to get the maximum number of processes per user,
> +and operations to get the maximum number of processes per user,
>  get the maximum number of processors the calling process can use,
>  find out whether a specified process is currently blocked,
>  get or set the maximum stack size, and so on.
> -- 
> 2.34.1
> 

> From d1ae2b0b32e837476467397ce1f9d81e347621da Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
> From: Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>
> Date: Tue, 31 Oct 2023 18:02:43 +0100
> Subject: [PATCH 2/2] prctl.2: Add a missing paragraph break.
> 
> A paragraph break was missing in the enumeration of possible reasons for EINVAL.
> ---
>  man2/prctl.2 | 1 +
>  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
> 
> diff --git a/man2/prctl.2 b/man2/prctl.2
> index bcda079bb..b97f3fb53 100644
> --- a/man2/prctl.2
> +++ b/man2/prctl.2
> @@ -2379,6 +2379,7 @@ or
>  and unused arguments to
>  .BR prctl ()
>  are not 0.
> +.TP
>  .B EINVAL
>  .I operation
>  is
> -- 
> 2.34.1
> 


-- 
<https://www.alejandro-colomar.es/>

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