I would like to report a bug in GCC, but I am unable to create an account with the bug tracker. The bug I would like to report is as described below. Brian SUMMARY: Unable to define a static template member function of a nested class as a friend of a sibling class. EXAMPLE: template class A { public: class B; template class C; }; template class A::B { public: template static void Create(); }; template template class A::C { C() = default; friend void B::Create(); }; template template void A::B::Create() { C{}; } int main() { A::B::Create(); } COMPILATION COMMAND: gcc -std=c++ -Wall -Wextra -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -fno-aggressive-loop-optimizations test.cpp -o test DATA COLLECTION COMMAND: gcc -v -save-temps -std=c++11 -Wall -Wextra -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -fno-aggressive-loop-optimizations test.cpp OUTPUT: Using built-in specs. COLLECT_GCC=gcc COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/lto-wrapper Target: x86_64-linux-gnu Configured with: ../src/configure -v --with-pkgversion='Ubuntu 4.8.2-19ubuntu1' --with-bugurl=file:///usr/share/doc/gcc-4.8/README.Bugs --enable-languages=c,c++,java,go,d,fortran,objc,obj-c++ --prefix=/usr --program-suffix=-4.8 --enable-shared --enable-linker-build-id --libexecdir=/usr/lib --without-included-gettext --enable-threads=posix --with-gxx-include-dir=/usr/include/c++/4.8 --libdir=/usr/lib --enable-nls --with-sysroot=/ --enable-clocale=gnu --enable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-gnu-unique-object --disable-libmudflap --enable-plugin --with-system-zlib --disable-browser-plugin --enable-java-awt=gtk --enable-gtk-cairo --with-java-home=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-gcj-4.8-amd64/jre --enable-java-home --with-jvm-root-dir=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-gcj-4.8-amd64 --with-jvm-jar-dir=/usr/lib/jvm-exports/java-1.5.0-gcj-4.8-amd64 --with-arch-directory=amd64 --with-ecj-jar=/usr/share/java/eclipse-ecj.jar --enable-objc-gc --enable-multiarch --disable-werror --with-arch-32=i686 --with-abi=m64 --with-multilib-list=m32,m64,mx32 --with-tune=generic --enable-checking=release --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-linux-gnu --target=x86_64-linux-gnu Thread model: posix gcc version 4.8.2 (Ubuntu 4.8.2-19ubuntu1) COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-save-temps' '-std=c++11' '-Wall' '-Wextra' '-fno-strict-aliasing' '-fwrapv' '-fno-aggressive-loop-optimizations' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64' /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/cc1plus -E -quiet -v -imultiarch x86_64-linux-gnu -D_GNU_SOURCE test.cpp -mtune=generic -march=x86-64 -std=c++11 -Wall -Wextra -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -fno-aggressive-loop-optimizations -fpch-preprocess -fstack-protector -Wformat -Wformat-security -o test.ii ignoring duplicate directory "/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/4.8" ignoring nonexistent directory "/usr/local/include/x86_64-linux-gnu" ignoring nonexistent directory "/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/../../../../x86_64-linux-gnu/include" #include "..." search starts here: #include <...> search starts here: /usr/include/c++/4.8 /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/c++/4.8 /usr/include/c++/4.8/backward /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/include /usr/local/include /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/include-fixed /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu /usr/include End of search list. COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-save-temps' '-std=c++11' '-Wall' '-Wextra' '-fno-strict-aliasing' '-fwrapv' '-fno-aggressive-loop-optimizations' '-mtune=generic' '-march=x86-64' /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/4.8/cc1plus -fpreprocessed test.ii -quiet -dumpbase test.cpp -mtune=generic -march=x86-64 -auxbase test -Wall -Wextra -std=c++11 -version -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -fno-aggressive-loop-optimizations -fstack-protector -Wformat -Wformat-security -o test.s GNU C++ (Ubuntu 4.8.2-19ubuntu1) version 4.8.2 (x86_64-linux-gnu) compiled by GNU C version 4.8.2, GMP version 5.1.3, MPFR version 3.1.2-p3, MPC version 1.0.1 GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072 GNU C++ (Ubuntu 4.8.2-19ubuntu1) version 4.8.2 (x86_64-linux-gnu) compiled by GNU C version 4.8.2, GMP version 5.1.3, MPFR version 3.1.2-p3, MPC version 1.0.1 GGC heuristics: --param ggc-min-expand=100 --param ggc-min-heapsize=131072 Compiler executable checksum: 26a7c0bd346d04102f6aea776e0cccc5 test.cpp: In instantiation of ‘class A::C’: test.cpp:21:3: required from ‘static void A::B::Create() [with U = char; T = int]’ test.cpp:25:27: required from here test.cpp:16:14: error: ‘Create’ was not declared in this scope friend void B::Create(); ^