[Bug debuginfod/29472] New: Support querying the debuginfod-server for metadata

["rgoldber at redhat dot com" <sourceware-bugzilla@sourceware.org>]

https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=29472

            Bug ID: 29472
           Summary: Support querying the debuginfod-server for metadata
           Product: elfutils
           Version: unspecified
            Status: NEW
          Severity: normal
          Priority: P2
         Component: debuginfod
          Assignee: unassigned at sourceware dot org
          Reporter: rgoldber at redhat dot com
                CC: elfutils-devel at sourceware dot org
  Target Milestone: ---

It would be beneficial to be able to query a debuginfod-server for its metadata
matching certain conditions. This would allow for operations like seeing what
executable files are available without attempting to download them or seeing
which files are larger than a certain size, which could be used to
prefetch+cache large required files, before the user needs them.

The proposed format is as follows:
debuginfod-find [OPTION]... metadata CONDITION QUERYFMT

Query all of the metadata matching the given CONDITION and return it as
described by QUERYFMT

The supported debuginfod-fields are:
    BUILDID, FILENAME, MODIFIED_TIME, SIZE, TYPE, SOURCE_TYPE, SOURCE
and should be referenced using {...}, noting that field names are case
insensitive.

CONDITION is a boolean expression composed of debuginfod-fields, constants
(strings and integers)
and the: `( ) = != < > <= >= && ||` operators, following the standard
conditional precedence order

QUERYFMT is a modified version of the standard printf(3) formatting.
The format is made up of static strings (which may include standard C character
escapes for new‐
lines, tabs, and other special characters (not including \0)) and printf(3)
type formatters. In 
place of the type specifier in the format string, use the debuginfod-field you
wish to query.

For example:

debuginfod-find metadata "{FILENAME}=/usr/bin/grep && {TYPE}=E"
"{FILENAME}({BUILDID})\t{SOURCE_TYPE}\n"
Will query all executables with the name /usr/bin/grep and might return the
following

/usr/bin/grep(90e7d8894b94f47ad17722ff8658f833f329b035)    R
/usr/bin/grep(e81e4e6e322030178260ae4f6055f781cd4997e1)    F

debuginfod-find metadata "{FILENAME}=/bin/bash" "{FILENAME}-{TYPE}\n"
Might return
/bin/bash-E
/bin/bash-S
/bin/bash-D

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