bug with grep 3.0.2 in cygwin 3.0.7

bug with grep 3.0.2 in cygwin 3.0.7

[akiki]

Hi, 
I encounter some problem with grep option -E on cygwin 3.0.7 


echo "a^b" | grep "a^b" #answer a^b ie it's OK 
but 
echo "a^b" | grep -E "a^b" #answer nothing " for me it's KO 


I have to backslash ^ to be OK like : grep -E 'a\^b' 


Is-it a bug ? 
I don't know if all versions of cygwin and grep are concerned. 


My cygcheck is OK with: 

Windows 10 Professional Ver 10.0 Build 18362 


Running under WOW64 on AMD64 
... 

3218k 2019/04/30 C:\ws\njcyg\bin\cygwin1.dll 
Cygwin DLL version info: 
DLL version: 3.0.7 
DLL epoch: 19 
DLL old termios: 5 
DLL malloc env: 28 
Cygwin conv: 181 
API major: 0 
API minor: 338 
Shared data: 5 
DLL identifier: cygwin1 
Mount registry: 3 
Cygwin registry name: Cygwin 
Installations name: Installations 
Cygdrive default prefix: 
Build date: 
Shared id: cygwin1S5 
... 
grep 3.0-2 OK 


=============== 


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Re: bug with grep 3.0.2 in cygwin 3.0.7

[Eliot Moss]

On 8/28/2019 3:16 AM, akiki@free.fr wrote:
> Hi,
> I encounter some problem with grep option -E on cygwin 3.0.7
> 
> 
> echo "a^b" | grep "a^b" #answer a^b ie it's OK
> but
> echo "a^b" | grep -E "a^b" #answer nothing " for me it's KO
> 
> 
> I have to backslash ^ to be OK like : grep -E 'a\^b'
> 
> 
> Is-it a bug ?
> I don't know if all versions of cygwin and grep are concerned.

 From my reading of the man page, it's either a program bug or a
documentation bug.  It could well be the latter since -E extended
regular expressions require a number of other metacharacters to
be backslash quoted.  However, the documentation does not mention
the ^ metacharacter.

Regards - EM

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Re: bug with grep 3.0.2 in cygwin 3.0.7

[Eric Blake]

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On 8/28/19 2:16 AM, akiki@free.fr wrote:
> Hi, 
> I encounter some problem with grep option -E on cygwin 3.0.7 
> 
> 
> echo "a^b" | grep "a^b" #answer a^b ie it's OK 

POSIX says:
https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/V1_chap09.html

"A BRE special character has special properties in certain contexts.
Outside those contexts, or when preceded by a <backslash>, such a
character is a BRE that matches the special character itself."
...
"A <circumflex> ( '^' ) shall be an anchor when used as the first
character of an entire BRE. The implementation may treat the
<circumflex> as an anchor when used as the first character of a
subexpression."

Since ^ is only special as the first character or in a [], and you have
used it for neither, this is a well-specified literal match.

> but 
> echo "a^b" | grep -E "a^b" #answer nothing " for me it's KO 

"An ERE special character has special properties in certain contexts.
Outside those contexts, or when preceded by a <backslash>, such a
character shall be an ERE that matches the special character itself."

"A <circumflex> ( '^' ) outside a bracket expression shall anchor the
expression or subexpression it begins to the beginning of a string; such
an expression or subexpression can match only a sequence starting at the
first character of a string. For example, the EREs "^ab" and "(^ab)"
match "ab" in the string "abcdef", but fail to match in the string
"cdefab", and the ERE "a^b" is valid, but can never match because the
'a' prevents the expression "^b" from matching starting at the first
character."

So in ERE, ^ is an anchor anywhere, while in BRE, ^ is an anchor only as
the first byte.  The difference you are observing matches POSIX.

> 
> 
> I have to backslash ^ to be OK like : grep -E 'a\^b' 

Correct.

> 
> 
> Is-it a bug ? 

No. (In fact, if you test on Linux, you'll see the same behavior, which
shows it is not specific to Cygwin).

-- 
Eric Blake, Principal Software Engineer
Red Hat, Inc.           +1-919-301-3226
Virtualization:  qemu.org | libvirt.org


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Re: bug with grep 3.0.2 in cygwin 3.0.7

[Andrey Repin]

Greetings, akiki@free.fr!

> Hi, 
> I encounter some problem with grep option -E on cygwin 3.0.7 


> echo "a^b" | grep "a^b" #answer a^b ie it's OK 
> but 
> echo "a^b" | grep -E "a^b" #answer nothing " for me it's KO 

That's an expected result of an impossible constraint.

> I have to backslash ^ to be OK like : grep -E 'a\^b' 

Yes.

> Is-it a bug ?

No.

> I don't know if all versions of cygwin and grep are concerned. 

RTFM, this is regexp basics.


-- 
With best regards,
Andrey Repin
Thursday, August 29, 2019 22:07:04

Sorry for my terrible english...


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Re: bug with grep 3.0.2 in cygwin 3.0.7

[Eliot Moss]

On 8/29/2019 3:08 PM, Andrey Repin wrote:
> Greetings, akiki@free.fr!
> 
>> Hi,
>> I encounter some problem with grep option -E on cygwin 3.0.7
> 
> 
>> echo "a^b" | grep "a^b" #answer a^b ie it's OK
>> but
>> echo "a^b" | grep -E "a^b" #answer nothing " for me it's KO
> 
> That's an expected result of an impossible constraint.
> 
>> I have to backslash ^ to be OK like : grep -E 'a\^b'
> 
> Yes.
> 
>> Is-it a bug ?
> 
> No.
> 
>> I don't know if all versions of cygwin and grep are concerned.
> 
> RTFM, this is regexp basics.

There was a really great answer to this earlier.  I tried an
answer, but was wrong.  One has to read the "fine print" really
carefully.  At first I thought it was a bug, at least in the
documentation, but the meaning of a^b, when ^ is the metacharacter,
is kind of subtle (IMO at least).  It's easy to miss that
subtlety and think that if ^ is not at the beginning of an
expression it will be treated as an ordinary character ...

But my main point is that RTM would be enough; RTFM seemed
to me perhaps a little more rude than necessary.

Regards - EM

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Re: bug with grep 3.0.2 in cygwin 3.0.7

[Brian Inglis]

On 2019-08-29 19:42, Eliot Moss wrote:
> On 8/29/2019 3:08 PM, Andrey Repin wrote:
>>> I encounter some problem with grep option -E on cygwin 3.0.7
>>> echo "a^b" | grep "a^b" #answer a^b ie it's OK
>>> but
>>> echo "a^b" | grep -E "a^b" #answer nothing " for me it's KO
>> That's an expected result of an impossible constraint.
>>> I have to backslash ^ to be OK like : grep -E 'a\^b'
>> Yes.
>>> Is-it a bug ?
>> No.
>>> I don't know if all versions of cygwin and grep are concerned.
>> RTFM, this is regexp basics.
> There was a really great answer to this earlier.  I tried an
> answer, but was wrong.  One has to read the "fine print" really
> carefully.  At first I thought it was a bug, at least in the
> documentation, but the meaning of a^b, when ^ is the metacharacter,
> is kind of subtle (IMO at least).  It's easy to miss that
> subtlety and think that if ^ is not at the beginning of an
> expression it will be treated as an ordinary character ...
> But my main point is that RTM would be enough; RTFM seemed
> to me perhaps a little more rude than necessary.

https://cygwin.com/acronyms/#RTFM exists and has been amusing rather than rude
in our industry for decades, especially in non-native English locales e.g. here
in this list: "Read The Fine Manual"; but RTM for software products is usually
"Release To Manufacturing", from the days when media was produced!

-- 
Take care. Thanks, Brian Inglis, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

This email may be disturbing to some readers as it contains
too much technical detail. Reader discretion is advised.

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Re: bug with grep 3.0.2 in cygwin 3.0.7

[Eliot Moss]

On 8/30/2019 2:12 AM, Brian Inglis wrote:
> On 2019-08-29 19:42, Eliot Moss wrote:
>> On 8/29/2019 3:08 PM, Andrey Repin wrote:
>>>> I encounter some problem with grep option -E on cygwin 3.0.7
>>>> echo "a^b" | grep "a^b" #answer a^b ie it's OK
>>>> but
>>>> echo "a^b" | grep -E "a^b" #answer nothing " for me it's KO
>>> That's an expected result of an impossible constraint.
>>>> I have to backslash ^ to be OK like : grep -E 'a\^b'
>>> Yes.
>>>> Is-it a bug ?
>>> No.
>>>> I don't know if all versions of cygwin and grep are concerned.
>>> RTFM, this is regexp basics.
>> There was a really great answer to this earlier.  I tried an
>> answer, but was wrong.  One has to read the "fine print" really
>> carefully.  At first I thought it was a bug, at least in the
>> documentation, but the meaning of a^b, when ^ is the metacharacter,
>> is kind of subtle (IMO at least).  It's easy to miss that
>> subtlety and think that if ^ is not at the beginning of an
>> expression it will be treated as an ordinary character ...
>> But my main point is that RTM would be enough; RTFM seemed
>> to me perhaps a little more rude than necessary.
> 
> https://cygwin.com/acronyms/#RTFM exists and has been amusing rather than rude
> in our industry for decades, especially in non-native English locales e.g. here
> in this list: "Read The Fine Manual"; but RTM for software products is usually
> "Release To Manufacturing", from the days when media was produced!

Ok, I relent!  E

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Re: bug with grep 3.0.2 in cygwin 3.0.7

[Duncan Roe]

On Thu, Aug 29, 2019 at 09:42:46PM -0400, Eliot Moss wrote:
> On 8/29/2019 3:08 PM, Andrey Repin wrote:
> > Greetings, akiki@free.fr!
> >
> > > Hi,
> > > I encounter some problem with grep option -E on cygwin 3.0.7
> >
> >
> > > echo "a^b" | grep "a^b" #answer a^b ie it's OK
> > > but
> > > echo "a^b" | grep -E "a^b" #answer nothing " for me it's KO
> >
> > That's an expected result of an impossible constraint.
> >
> > > I have to backslash ^ to be OK like : grep -E 'a\^b'
> >
> > Yes.
> >
> > > Is-it a bug ?
> >
> > No.
> >
> > > I don't know if all versions of cygwin and grep are concerned.
> >
> > RTFM, this is regexp basics.
>
> There was a really great answer to this earlier.  I tried an
> answer, but was wrong.  One has to read the "fine print" really
> carefully.  At first I thought it was a bug, at least in the
> documentation, but the meaning of a^b, when ^ is the metacharacter,
> is kind of subtle (IMO at least).  It's easy to miss that
> subtlety and think that if ^ is not at the beginning of an
> expression it will be treated as an ordinary character ...
>
> But my main point is that RTM would be enough; RTFM seemed
> to me perhaps a little more rude than necessary.
>
> Regards - EM
>
I don't see anything to object to in "Read The Fine Manual" ;)

Cheers ... Duncan.

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Re: bug with grep 3.0.2 in cygwin 3.0.7

[Jose Isaias Cabrera]

Duncan Roe, on Friday, August 30, 2019 03:47 AM, wrote...
>
> On Thu, Aug 29, 2019 at 09:42:46PM -0400, Eliot Moss wrote:
> > On 8/29/2019 3:08 PM, Andrey Repin wrote:

> > But my main point is that RTM would be enough; RTFM seemed
> > to me perhaps a little more rude than necessary.
> >
> > Regards - EM
> >
> I don't see anything to object to in "Read The Fine Manual" ;)

You know real well what the F in RTFM stands for: Functioning.  And that, my friend, is a little too much nowadays for them sensitivity unchallenged folks.  Just my 102 Dominican cents. :-)

josé

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Re: bug with grep 3.0.2 in cygwin 3.0.7

[Andrey Repin]

Greetings, Eliot Moss!

>>> I encounter some problem with grep option -E on cygwin 3.0.7
>> 
>> 
>>> echo "a^b" | grep "a^b" #answer a^b ie it's OK
>>> but
>>> echo "a^b" | grep -E "a^b" #answer nothing " for me it's KO
>> 
>> That's an expected result of an impossible constraint.
>> 
>>> I have to backslash ^ to be OK like : grep -E 'a\^b'
>> 
>> Yes.
>> 
>>> Is-it a bug ?
>> 
>> No.
>> 
>>> I don't know if all versions of cygwin and grep are concerned.
>> 
>> RTFM, this is regexp basics.

> There was a really great answer to this earlier.  I tried an
> answer, but was wrong.  One has to read the "fine print" really
> carefully.  At first I thought it was a bug, at least in the
> documentation, but the meaning of a^b, when ^ is the metacharacter,
> is kind of subtle (IMO at least).  It's easy to miss that
> subtlety and think that if ^ is not at the beginning of an
> expression it will be treated as an ordinary character ...

> But my main point is that RTM would be enough; RTFM seemed
> to me perhaps a little more rude than necessary.

Adding to the earlier answers (sorry, replying on the road is not efficient),
there's a https://www.regular-expressions.info/
Which contains a great deal of information about RE, their kinds, caveats and
implementations in various languages.


-- 
With best regards,
Andrey Repin
Friday, August 30, 2019 10:42:35

Sorry for my terrible english...


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Re: bug with grep 3.0.2 in cygwin 3.0.7

[Chris Wagner]

On 2019-08-28 3:16 am, akiki@free.fr wrote:
> Hi,
> I encounter some problem with grep option -E on cygwin 3.0.7
> 
> 
> echo "a^b" | grep "a^b" #answer a^b ie it's OK
> but
> echo "a^b" | grep -E "a^b" #answer nothing " for me it's KO
> 
> 
> I have to backslash ^ to be OK like : grep -E 'a\^b'
> 
> 
> Is-it a bug ?
> I don't know if all versions of cygwin and grep are concerned.

Hi Akiki.  As others mentioned, it has to do with how regular 
expressions operate.  However the best solution for you in this 
situation is to not use regular expressions.  To search for fixed 
strings, use fgrep or grep -F.  That avoids all issues with meta 
characters and covers the vast majority of cases when we use grep 
anyway.

To use full power regular expressions read perlre and use grep -P.


Thanks.

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