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From: Jens Remus <jremus@linux.ibm.com>
To: Indu Bhagat <indu.bhagat@oracle.com>, binutils@sourceware.org
Cc: Andreas Krebbel <krebbel@linux.ibm.com>
Subject: Re: [PATCH v3 09/15] gas: User readable warnings if SFrame FDE is not generated
Date: Fri, 3 May 2024 14:30:13 +0200	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <b27ff422-b70a-4ba6-8ba1-6438bc0373e5@linux.ibm.com> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <5591cd7d-8464-4d71-8f02-aa88af36fcd9@oracle.com>

Am 18.04.2024 um 22:33 schrieb Indu Bhagat:
> On 4/12/24 07:47, Jens Remus wrote:
>> The following generic warning message, which is printed whenever the
>> assembler skips generation of SFrame FDE, is not very helpful for the
>> user:
>>
>>    skipping SFrame FDE due to DWARF CFI op <name> (0x<hexval>)
>>
>> Whenever possible print meaningful warning messages, when the assembler
>> skips generation of SFrame FDE:
>>
> 
> My intention below is to keep warning messages terse but useful.
> 
>> - skipping SFrame FDE due to .cfi_def_cfa defining non-SP/FP register
>>    <regno> as CFA base register
> 
> .cfi_def_cfa _is_ used to specify the CFA base register. So I suggest we 
> re-word this to following (and hence, removing the redundancy):
> 
> skipping SFrame FDE; non-SP/FP register <regno> in .cfi_def_cfa

Done.

> 
> or if (;) is unappetizing:
> 
> skipping SFrame FDE due to non-SP/FP register <regno> in .cfi_def_cfa
> 
> (replacing ; with "due to", if you prefer, applies to all comments below)

I like the terse format. Especially as it saves some characters for the longer reason descriptions.

> 
>> - skipping SFrame FDE due to .cfi_def_cfa_register defining non-SP/FP
>>    register <regno> as CFA base register
> 
> skipping SFrame FDE; non-SP/FP register <regno> in .cfi_def_cfa_register

Done.

> 
>> - skipping SFrame FDE due to .cfi_def_cfa_offset without CFA base
>>    register in effect
> 
> skipping SFrame FDE; .cfi_def_cfa_offset specified when no CFA base 
> register in effect

"when no" or "without" (see "without prior SFrame FRE state" below)?

> 
>> - skipping SFrame FDE due to .cfi_def_cfa_offset with non-SP/FP register
>>    <regno> as CFA base register in effect
> 
> I find this very confusing.  Can we not add this warning?  Such a case 
> should not happen as we have handled the respective cases in 
> sframe_xlate_do_def_cfa and sframe_xlate_do_def_cfa_register ?

Done. I finally got the point. I have added the following comment as explanation:

/* No CFA base register in effect.  Non-SP/FP CFA base register should
    not occur, as sframe_xlate_do_def_cfa[_register] would detect this.  */

> 
>> - skipping SFrame FDE due to .cfi_val_offset specifying {FP|RA} register
> 
> skipping SFrame FDE; FP/RA register <regno> in .cfi_val_offset

Done.

> 
>> - skipping SFrame FDE due to .cfi_remember_state without SFrame FRE
>>    state
> 
> skipping SFrame FDE; .cfi_remember_state without prior SFrame FRE state

Done.

> 
>> - skipping SFrame FDE due to .cfi_register specifying {SP|FP|RA}
>>    register
> 
> skipping SFrame FDE; FP/RA register <regno> in .cfi_register

Done.

> 
>> - skipping SFrame FDE due to non-default return-address register <regno>
> 
> skipping SFrame FDE; non-default RA register <regno>

Done. Using the abbreviation "RA" instead of "return address" aligns well with the other warnings.


For consistency I have changed the following SFrame warnings as well:

skipping SFrame FDE; CFI insn <name> (<hexval>)

skipping SFrame FDE; FP without RA on stack

skipping SFrame FDE; .cfi_window_save

> 
>>
>> gas/
>>     * gen-sframe.h (SFRAME_FRE_BASE_REG_INVAL): New macro for
>>     invalid SFrame FRE CFA base register value of -1.
>>     * gen-sframe.c: User readable warnings if SFrame FDE is not
>>     generated.
>>
>> gas/testsuite/
>>     * gas/cfi-sframe/common-empty-1.d: Update generic SFrame test
>>     case to updated warning message texts.
>>     * gas/cfi-sframe/common-empty-2.d: Likewise.
>>     * gas/cfi-sframe/common-empty-3.d: Likewise.
>>
>> Reviewed-by: Andreas Krebbel <krebbel@linux.ibm.com>
>> Signed-off-by: Jens Remus <jremus@linux.ibm.com>
>> ---
>>
>> Notes (jremus):
>>      Changes v2 -> v3:
>>      - Updated SFrame warning message texts as suggested by Indu, 
>> except for
>>        the .cfi_def_cfa[_register] ones. I think it would be helpful 
>> for the
>>        user to know that the issue is caused by a non-SP/FP register. But
>>        maybe that is because I am new to CFI and those that would 
>> actually
>>        debug the cause for these warnings would not need this extra
>>        information? Anyhow, Indu, if you still prefer your suggestions I
>>        would go with yours.
>>        The ".cfi_remember_state without SFrame FRE state" warning 
>> needs to
>>        remain, as there would otherwise not be any warning at all. The 
>> reason
>>        is that sframe_do_cfi_insn now expects any of its called CFI
>>        processing functions to emit a warning, if they return with an 
>> error,
>>        such as SFRAME_XLATE_ERR_NOTREPRESENTED. Silently skipping 
>> SFrame FDE
>>        does not seem an acceptable approach to me.
>>      - Do not test sframe_ra_tracking_p when determining the SFrame 
>> register
>>        name in sframe_register_name. The RA register name does not 
>> depend on
>>        whether RA tracking is used or not.
>>      - Corrected formatting of ChangeLog in commit message.
>>
>>   gas/gen-sframe.c                              | 95 ++++++++++++++-----
>>   gas/gen-sframe.h                              |  2 +
>>   gas/testsuite/gas/cfi-sframe/common-empty-1.d |  2 +-
>>   gas/testsuite/gas/cfi-sframe/common-empty-2.d |  2 +-
>>   gas/testsuite/gas/cfi-sframe/common-empty-3.d |  2 +-
>>   5 files changed, 75 insertions(+), 28 deletions(-)
>>
>> diff --git a/gas/gen-sframe.c b/gas/gen-sframe.c
>> index f47f51c7a354..a3b6f75cfe85 100644
>> --- a/gas/gen-sframe.c
>> +++ b/gas/gen-sframe.c
>> @@ -867,7 +867,7 @@ sframe_row_entry_new (void)
>>     struct sframe_row_entry *fre = XCNEW (struct sframe_row_entry);
>>     /* Reset cfa_base_reg to -1.  A value of 0 will imply some valid 
>> register
>>        for the supported arches.  */
>> -  fre->cfa_base_reg = -1;
>> +  fre->cfa_base_reg = SFRAME_FRE_BASE_REG_INVAL;
>>     fre->merge_candidate = true;
>>     /* Reset the mangled RA status bit to zero by default.  We will 
>> initialize it in
>>        sframe_row_entry_initialize () with the sticky bit if set.  */
>> @@ -922,6 +922,23 @@ sframe_row_entry_initialize (struct 
>> sframe_row_entry *cur_fre,
>>     cur_fre->mangled_ra_p = prev_fre->mangled_ra_p;
>>   }
>> +/* Return SFrame register name for SP, FP, and RA, or NULL if other.  */
>> +
>> +static const char *
>> +sframe_register_name (unsigned int reg)
>> +{
>> +  if (reg == SFRAME_CFA_SP_REG)
>> +    return "SP";
>> +  else if (reg == SFRAME_CFA_FP_REG)
>> +    return "FP";
>> +#ifdef SFRAME_FRE_RA_TRACKING
>> +  else if (reg == SFRAME_CFA_RA_REG)
>> +    return "RA";
>> +#endif
>> +  else
>> +    return NULL;
>> +}
>> +
>>   /* Translate DW_CFA_advance_loc into SFrame context.
>>      Return SFRAME_XLATE_OK if success.  */
>> @@ -990,7 +1007,12 @@ sframe_xlate_do_def_cfa (struct sframe_xlate_ctx 
>> *xlate_ctx,
>>        SFrame stack trace info for the function.  */
>>     if (cfi_insn->u.r != SFRAME_CFA_SP_REG
>>         && cfi_insn->u.r != SFRAME_CFA_FP_REG)
>> -    return SFRAME_XLATE_ERR_NOTREPRESENTED; /* Not represented.  */
>> +    {
>> +      as_warn (_("skipping SFrame FDE due to .cfi_def_cfa defining "
>> +         "non-SP/FP register %u as CFA base register"),
>> +           cfi_insn->u.r);
>> +      return SFRAME_XLATE_ERR_NOTREPRESENTED; /* Not represented.  */
>> +    }
>>     sframe_fre_set_cfa_base_reg (cur_fre, cfi_insn->u.ri.reg);
>>     sframe_fre_set_cfa_offset (cur_fre, cfi_insn->u.ri.offset);
>>     cur_fre->merge_candidate = false;
>> @@ -1015,7 +1037,12 @@ sframe_xlate_do_def_cfa_register (struct 
>> sframe_xlate_ctx *xlate_ctx,
>>        skip creating SFrame stack trace info for the function.  */
>>     if (cfi_insn->u.r != SFRAME_CFA_SP_REG
>>         && cfi_insn->u.r != SFRAME_CFA_FP_REG)
>> -    return SFRAME_XLATE_ERR_NOTREPRESENTED; /* Not represented.  */
>> +    {
>> +      as_warn (_("skipping SFrame FDE due to .cfi_def_cfa_register 
>> defining "
>> +         "non-SP/FP register %u as CFA base register"),
>> +           cfi_insn->u.r);
>> +      return SFRAME_XLATE_ERR_NOTREPRESENTED; /* Not represented.  */
>> +    }
>>     sframe_fre_set_cfa_base_reg (cur_fre, cfi_insn->u.ri.reg);
>>     sframe_fre_set_cfa_offset (cur_fre, last_fre->cfa_offset);
>>     cur_fre->merge_candidate = false;
>> @@ -1046,7 +1073,16 @@ sframe_xlate_do_def_cfa_offset (struct 
>> sframe_xlate_ctx *xlate_ctx,
>>         cur_fre->merge_candidate = false;
>>       }
>>     else
>> -    return SFRAME_XLATE_ERR_NOTREPRESENTED;
>> +    {
>> +      if (cur_fre->cfa_base_reg == SFRAME_FRE_BASE_REG_INVAL)
>> +    as_warn (_("skipping SFrame FDE due to .cfi_def_cfa_offset without "
>> +           "CFA base register in effect"));
>> +      else
>> +    as_warn (_("skipping SFrame FDE due to .cfi_def_cfa_offset with "
>> +           "non-SP/FP register %u as CFA base register in effect"),
>> +         cur_fre->cfa_base_reg);
>> +      return SFRAME_XLATE_ERR_NOTREPRESENTED;
>> +    }
>>     return SFRAME_XLATE_OK;
>>   }
>> @@ -1096,13 +1132,16 @@ sframe_xlate_do_val_offset (struct 
>> sframe_xlate_ctx *xlate_ctx ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
>>        register is not interesting (FP or RA reg), the current 
>> DW_CFA_val_offset
>>        instruction can be safely skipped without sacrificing the 
>> asynchronicity of
>>        stack trace information.  */
>> -  if (cfi_insn->u.r == SFRAME_CFA_FP_REG)
>> -    return SFRAME_XLATE_ERR_NOTREPRESENTED; /* Not represented.  */
>> +  if (cfi_insn->u.r == SFRAME_CFA_FP_REG
>>   #ifdef SFRAME_FRE_RA_TRACKING
>> -  else if (sframe_ra_tracking_p ()
>> -       && cfi_insn->u.r == SFRAME_CFA_RA_REG)
>> -    return SFRAME_XLATE_ERR_NOTREPRESENTED; /* Not represented.  */
>> +      || (sframe_ra_tracking_p () && cfi_insn->u.r == SFRAME_CFA_RA_REG)
>>   #endif
>> +      )
>> +    {
>> +      as_warn (_("skipping SFrame FDE due to .cfi_val_offset 
>> specifying %s register"),
>> +           sframe_register_name (cfi_insn->u.r));
>> +      return SFRAME_XLATE_ERR_NOTREPRESENTED; /* Not represented.  */
>> +    }
>>     /* Safe to skip.  */
>>     return SFRAME_XLATE_OK;
>> @@ -1124,7 +1163,11 @@ sframe_xlate_do_register (struct 
>> sframe_xlate_ctx *xlate_ctx ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
>>         || (cfi_insn->u.rr.reg1 == SFRAME_CFA_RA_REG)
>>   #endif
>>         || cfi_insn->u.rr.reg1 == SFRAME_CFA_FP_REG)
>> -    return SFRAME_XLATE_ERR_NOTREPRESENTED;  /* Not represented.  */
>> +    {
>> +      as_warn (_("skipping SFrame FDE due to .cfi_register specifying 
>> %s register"),
>> +           sframe_register_name (cfi_insn->u.rr.reg1));
>> +      return SFRAME_XLATE_ERR_NOTREPRESENTED;  /* Not represented.  */
>> +    }
>>     /* Safe to skip.  */
>>     return SFRAME_XLATE_OK;
>> @@ -1142,7 +1185,10 @@ sframe_xlate_do_remember_state (struct 
>> sframe_xlate_ctx *xlate_ctx)
>>        early with non-zero error code, this will cause no SFrame stack 
>> trace
>>        info for the function involved.  */
>>     if (!last_fre)
>> -    return SFRAME_XLATE_ERR_INVAL;
>> +    {
>> +      as_warn (_("skipping SFrame FDE due to .cfi_remember_state 
>> without SFrame FRE state"));
> 
> "without SFrame FRE state" --> "without prior SFrame FRE state" ?
> 
>> +      return SFRAME_XLATE_ERR_INVAL;
>> +    }
>>     if (!xlate_ctx->remember_fre)
>>       xlate_ctx->remember_fre = sframe_row_entry_new ();
>> @@ -1330,21 +1376,19 @@ sframe_do_cfi_insn (struct sframe_xlate_ctx 
>> *xlate_ctx,
>>       default:
>>         /* Following skipped operations do, however, impact the 
>> asynchronicity:
>>         - CFI_escape.  */
>> -      err = SFRAME_XLATE_ERR_NOTREPRESENTED;
>> -    }
>> -
>> -  /* An error here will cause no SFrame FDE later.  Warn the user 
>> because this
>> -     will affect the overall coverage and hence, asynchronicity.  */
>> -  if (err)
>> -    {
>> -      const char *cfi_name = sframe_get_cfi_name (op);
>> -
>> -      if (!cfi_name)
>> -    cfi_name = _("(unknown)");
>> -      as_warn (_("skipping SFrame FDE due to DWARF CFI op %s (%#x)"),
>> -           cfi_name, op);
>> +      {
>> +    const char *cfi_name = sframe_get_cfi_name (op);
>> +
>> +    if (!cfi_name)
>> +      cfi_name = _("(unknown)");
>> +    as_warn (_("skipping SFrame FDE due to DWARF CFI op %s (%#x)"),
>> +         cfi_name, op);
>> +        err = SFRAME_XLATE_ERR_NOTREPRESENTED;
> 
> <>/GCC/gcc-upstream/gcc/contrib/check_GNU_style.py patch gives:
> 
> === ERROR type #1: blocks of 8 spaces should be replaced with tabs (1 
> error(s)) ===
> gas/gen-sframe.c:1386:0:        err = SFRAME_XLATE_ERR_NOTREPRESENTED;

Corrected.

> 
> I dont think it is a must-be-used-script for binutils project, but for 
> my commits I have used this script to keep code base aligned to same 
> formatting style.

Thanks for sharing! That is really helful!

> 
> PS: Not all errors reported by the script need to be fixed.
> 
>> +      }
>>       }
>> +  /* Any error will cause no SFrame FDE later.  The user has already 
>> been
>> +     warned.  */
>>     return err;
>>   }
>> @@ -1361,7 +1405,8 @@ sframe_do_fde (struct sframe_xlate_ctx *xlate_ctx,
>>     /* SFrame format cannot represent a non-default DWARF return 
>> column reg.  */
>>     if (xlate_ctx->dw_fde->return_column != DWARF2_DEFAULT_RETURN_COLUMN)
>>       {
>> -      as_warn (_("skipping SFrame FDE due to non-default DWARF return 
>> column"));
>> +      as_warn (_("skipping SFrame FDE due to non-default 
>> return-address register %u"),
>> +           xlate_ctx->dw_fde->return_column);
> 
> return-address -> "return address" or even just RA.
> 
>>         return SFRAME_XLATE_ERR_NOTREPRESENTED;
>>       }
>> diff --git a/gas/gen-sframe.h b/gas/gen-sframe.h
>> index fbe2fd5d9368..8ed46dbb087b 100644
>> --- a/gas/gen-sframe.h
>> +++ b/gas/gen-sframe.h
>> @@ -24,6 +24,8 @@
>>   #define SFRAME_FRE_ELEM_LOC_REG        0
>>   #define SFRAME_FRE_ELEM_LOC_STACK    1
>> +#define SFRAME_FRE_BASE_REG_INVAL    ((unsigned int)-1)
>> +
>>   /* SFrame Frame Row Entry (FRE).
>>      A frame row entry is a slice of the frame and can be valid for a 
>> set of
>> diff --git a/gas/testsuite/gas/cfi-sframe/common-empty-1.d 
>> b/gas/testsuite/gas/cfi-sframe/common-empty-1.d
>> index d7756302b559..08731b069229 100644
>> --- a/gas/testsuite/gas/cfi-sframe/common-empty-1.d
>> +++ b/gas/testsuite/gas/cfi-sframe/common-empty-1.d
>> @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
>>   #as: --gsframe
>> -#warning: skipping SFrame FDE due to DWARF CFI op 
>> DW_CFA_remember_state \(0xa\)
>> +#warning: skipping SFrame FDE due to \.cfi_remember_state without 
>> SFrame FRE state
>>   #objdump: --sframe=.sframe
>>   #name: Uninteresting cfi directives generate an empty SFrame section
>>   #...
>> diff --git a/gas/testsuite/gas/cfi-sframe/common-empty-2.d 
>> b/gas/testsuite/gas/cfi-sframe/common-empty-2.d
>> index 20282c7854e8..e759cddfcc20 100644
>> --- a/gas/testsuite/gas/cfi-sframe/common-empty-2.d
>> +++ b/gas/testsuite/gas/cfi-sframe/common-empty-2.d
>> @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
>>   #as: --gsframe
>> -#warning: skipping SFrame FDE due to DWARF CFI op 
>> DW_CFA_def_cfa_offset \(0xe\)
>> +#warning: skipping SFrame FDE due to \.cfi_def_cfa_offset without CFA 
>> base register in effect
>>   #objdump: --sframe=.sframe
>>   #name: SFrame supports only FP/SP based CFA
>>   #...
>> diff --git a/gas/testsuite/gas/cfi-sframe/common-empty-3.d 
>> b/gas/testsuite/gas/cfi-sframe/common-empty-3.d
>> index d17521dd88ea..5cc37d5ff440 100644
>> --- a/gas/testsuite/gas/cfi-sframe/common-empty-3.d
>> +++ b/gas/testsuite/gas/cfi-sframe/common-empty-3.d
>> @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
>>   #as: --gsframe
>> -#warning: skipping SFrame FDE due to non-default DWARF return column
>> +#warning: skipping SFrame FDE due to non-default return-address 
>> register 0
>>   #objdump: --sframe=.sframe
>>   #name: SFrame supports only default return column
>>   #...
> 

Regards,
Jens
-- 
Jens Remus
Linux on Z Development (D3303) and z/VSE Support
+49-7031-16-1128 Office
jremus@de.ibm.com

IBM

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IBM Data Privacy Statement: https://www.ibm.com/privacy/

  reply	other threads:[~2024-05-03 12:30 UTC|newest]

Thread overview: 44+ messages / expand[flat|nested]  mbox.gz  Atom feed  top
2024-04-12 14:47 [PATCH v3 00/15] sframe: Enhancements to SFrame info generation Jens Remus
2024-04-12 14:47 ` [PATCH v3 01/15] x86: Remove unused SFrame CFI RA register variable Jens Remus
2024-04-12 14:47 ` [PATCH v3 02/15] gas: Enhance arch-specific SFrame configuration descriptions Jens Remus
2024-04-18  7:39   ` Indu Bhagat
2024-05-03 12:30     ` Jens Remus
2024-04-12 14:47 ` [PATCH v3 03/15] readelf/objdump: Dump SFrame CFA fixed FP and RA offsets Jens Remus
2024-04-18  7:39   ` Indu Bhagat
2024-04-12 14:47 ` [PATCH v3 04/15] readelf/objdump: Display SFrame fixed RA offset as 'f' in dump Jens Remus
2024-04-18  7:40   ` Indu Bhagat
2024-04-12 14:47 ` [PATCH v3 05/15] gas: Print DWARF call frame insn name in SFrame warning message Jens Remus
2024-04-18  7:40   ` Indu Bhagat
2024-04-12 14:47 ` [PATCH v3 06/15] gas: Skip SFrame FDE if CFI specifies non-FP/SP base register Jens Remus
2024-04-18  7:40   ` Indu Bhagat
2024-04-12 14:47 ` [PATCH v3 07/15] gas: Warn if SFrame FDE is skipped due to non-default return column Jens Remus
2024-04-18  7:40   ` Indu Bhagat
2024-04-12 14:47 ` [PATCH v3 08/15] gas: Refactor SFrame CFI opcode DW_CFA_register processing Jens Remus
2024-04-18  7:40   ` Indu Bhagat
2024-04-12 14:47 ` [PATCH v3 09/15] gas: User readable warnings if SFrame FDE is not generated Jens Remus
2024-04-18 20:33   ` Indu Bhagat
2024-05-03 12:30     ` Jens Remus [this message]
2024-05-03 23:41       ` Indu Bhagat
2024-04-12 14:47 ` [PATCH v3 10/15] gas: Skip SFrame FDE if FP without RA on stack Jens Remus
2024-04-16 13:14   ` Jens Remus
2024-04-17 23:56     ` Indu Bhagat
2024-04-18 10:27       ` Jens Remus
2024-04-18 20:35   ` Indu Bhagat
2024-04-12 14:47 ` [PATCH v3 11/15] gas: Skip SFrame FDE if .cfi_window_save Jens Remus
2024-04-18 20:36   ` Indu Bhagat
2024-04-12 14:47 ` [PATCH v3 12/15] gas: Don't skip SFrame FDE if .cfi_register specifies RA w/o tracking Jens Remus
2024-04-18 20:36   ` Indu Bhagat
2024-04-12 14:47 ` [PATCH v3 13/15] gas: Don't skip SFrame FDE if .cfi_register specifies SP register Jens Remus
2024-04-18 20:37   ` Indu Bhagat
2024-04-19 13:13     ` Jens Remus
2024-04-23  8:15       ` Indu Bhagat
2024-04-25 22:22         ` Indu Bhagat
2024-04-12 14:47 ` [PATCH v3 14/15] gas: Test predicate whether SFrame RA tracking is used Jens Remus
2024-04-18 20:37   ` Indu Bhagat
2024-04-12 14:47 ` [PATCH v3 15/15] gas: Validate SFrame RA tracking and fixed RA offset Jens Remus
2024-04-18 20:38   ` Indu Bhagat
2024-05-03 16:40     ` Jens Remus
2024-05-04  0:22       ` Indu Bhagat
2024-05-06 11:41         ` Jens Remus
2024-05-06 14:39           ` Jens Remus
2024-05-16 20:45             ` Indu Bhagat

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